Waste water treatment >:(

Question 1

Why is it important to treat water?

Answer 1

It is a common source of infectious diseases

Can also be a source for chemically
induced intoxications

Ensuring water purity is essential for
public health

Question 2

What do treatment and purification schemes use to clean the water?

Answer 2

microorganisms to identify,
remove, and degrade pollutants

Question 3

What are Coliforms used for?

Answer 3

They are a indicator
for fecal contamination in water

Question 4

What are some criteria for an Ideal Water Indicator Organism

Answer 4

Should be applicable for all types of water
Should not grow in water
Should not be pathogenic
Detection protocols should be easy and inexpensive

Question 5

When testing for Coliforms and E. coli, what are some common methods for enumerating the samples?

Answer 5

Most-probable-number (MPN)
procedure
*Membrane filter (MF)
procedures

Question 6

What are some identifiers of Coliforms using IDEXX Colilert test system?

Answer 6

Sample with no coliforms remains clear
Coliforms turn media yellow
E. coli turns media fluorescent blue

Question 7

Define waste water

Answer 7

Domestic sewage or liquid industrial waste

Question 8

What does wastewater treatment rely on?

Answer 8

Relies on industrial-scale use of microbes for bioconversion

Question 9

What is the goal of wastewater treatment facilities?

Answer 9

To reduce organic and inorganic materials in wastewater to a level that no longer supports microbial growth

Question 10

How can they tell if the waste water treatment was efficient?

Answer 10

There is a reduction in the BOD

Question 11

What are the stages of treatment?

Answer 11

Primary, secondary, and tertiary

Question 12

What does the primary treatment do?

Answer 12

Uses physical separation methods to
separate solid and particulate organic
and inorganic materials from wastewater

Question 13

What does the secondary treatment do?

Answer 13

Anoxic secondary treatment
involves a series of digestive and fermentative reactions carried out by various microbes under anoxic conditions
The process is carried out in large enclosed tanks

Question 14

What does Aerobic secondary treatment use?

Answer 14

digestive reactions carried out by
microbes under aerobic conditions
to treat wastewater with low levels
of organic materials

Question 15

In secondary treatment, what are the most common decomposition processes?

Answer 15

• Activated sludge and the trickling
  filter

Question 16

What does Tertiary treatment include?

Answer 16

It uses bioreactors to reduce the levels of inorganic nutrients

Question 17

What are the steps of water purification?

Answer 17

Sedimentation to remove particles
Coagulation and flocculation form
additional aggregates, which settle
out
Filtration
Disinfection (typically with chlorine
gas or UV radiation)

Question 18

What are some Common
sources of waterborne disease transmission ?

Answer 18

Potable water used for drinking
and cooking
Recreational water from public
ponds, lakes,

Question 19

What are symptoms of Cholera, where does it come from, what causes it?

Answer 19

Severe diarrhea
Caused by Vibrio cholerae
Typically transmitted through ingestion of contaminated water

Question 20

How can Cholera be contained?

Answer 20

Can be controlled by application of water treatment

Question 21

What is the pathogenesis of Cholera

Answer 21

V. cholerae attaches to epithelial
cells in the small intestine, where it grows and releases cholera toxin
This may lead to death

Question 22

How is cholera diagnosed
How is it prevented
How is it treated?

Answer 22

“rice water” stools of patients
Public health measures are very
important
Oral rehydration and electrolyte
replacement therapy

Question 23

Name the two organisms that are highly resistant to chlorine due to cyst formation

Answer 23

Giardia intestinalis and Cryptosporidium parvum

Question 24

What stage of Giardia intestinalis is resistant to desiccation and chemical disinfection

Answer 24

The protist cells
produce a resting stage
(cyst)

Question 25

In Cryptosporidium parvum, What are Oocysts are highly resistant to?

Answer 25

chlorine and
UV radiation

sedimentation and
filtration methods are most effective at removal

Question 26

How is Legionella pneumophila transmitted

Answer 26

Normally transmitted in aerosols

Question 27

What are the steps of purification

Answer 27

1) Sedimentation: removes particles
2) Coagulation and Flocculation: form additional lumps which settle out
3) Filtration
4) Disinfection: done with chlorine gas or UV radiation