Water Resources

Question 1

What is water scarcity

Answer 1

When demand of water supply exceeds the availability of the water resource

Question 2

In what ways can agriculture be revolutionalized?

Answer 2

By adopting dry farming techniques and developing drought resistant crops

Question 3

How are fresh water sources renewed?

Answer 3

Through Hydrological cycle

Question 4

What are the causes of water scarcity?

Answer 4

1. Industries are heavy users of water since they need water to clean and cool down the machines. Many industries use hydroelectric power to run their machines
2. Seasonal Variations have led to unequal access of water resources arond the globe.
3. Annual Precipitation to causes unequal acess of water resources which leads to water scarcity and overexpolitation of resources
4. Urbanisation has increased the demand of water supply for domestic purposes
5. A population increase in the rural areas had led to more agricultural activities that need more water for irrigation

Question 5

Hydroelectricity contributes to how much % of the total electricity produced in India?

Answer 5

22%

Question 6

What is the Jal jeevan mission?

Answer 6

Keywords:-
1. Assured potable water supply
2. 55 litres per capita per day
3. Ensuring functionality of tap water connections

Question 7

What is the need for water conservation?

Answer 7

1. Ensure food security
2. Prevent degradation of natural ecosystem
3. Save people from health hazards caused by toxic water
4. Meet water demands of the people
5. To efficiently manage water resources and prevent over exploitation

Question 8

Why are dams referred to as mltipurpose projects ?

Answer 8

Because of multiple uses of dams
1. Electricity generation
2. Helps in inland water navigation
3. Flood control
4. Irrigate fields (Dry season)
5. Breeding of fish

Question 9

Why did Jawaharlel Nehru proudly proclaim dams as Temples of modern India?

Answer 9

1. Dams are sign of development and progress
2. They integrate development of agriculture and the village economy with rapid industrialisation
3. Example:
   a. Bhakra Nangal dam on the Sutluj-Beas river basin is being used for both irrigation and hydel power production and irrigation
   b. Hirakud dam on Mahanadi basin is used for water conservation and flood control

Question 10

Why have come under great scrutiny and opposition. Why?

Answer 10

1. They cause poor sediment flow and excessive sedimentation at the bottom of the reservior
2. Fragment rivers that causing difficulties in migrating for aquatic fauna
3. They submerge the existing vegetation and soil leading to decomposition
4. Displace the local people
5. Induced Earthquakes, caused water-borne diseases and water pollution.

Question 11

Narmada Bachao Andolan

Answer 11

Keywords:
1. NGO that mobilised people against the Sardar sarovar dam being built across the Narmada river in Gujrat
2. It orginally focused on enviornmental concerns like tress being submerged in dams
3. Recently it focused on rehabilitation of the displaced tribals

Question 12

Sardar Sarovar Dam

Answer 12

Covers Maharashtra, MP, Rajasthan , Gujrat
Largest water resource projects of India