Week 1

Question 1

For a 70 KG man what is the distrubtion of carbohydrate stores ?

Answer 1

Blood Glucose 3-5 g
Liver Glycogen 80-100 g
Muscle Glycogen 300-400g

Question 2

How many calories in 1g of Glycogen ?

Answer 2

4 Kcal

Question 3

How many Kilojules (kJ) in 1 calories (Kcal) ?

Answer 3

1kcal is equal to 4.184 KJ

Question 4

What are the molecules that make up macronutrients

Answer 4

Carbs, Fats, Protein and water

Question 5

What are the molecules that make up micronutrients

Answer 5

Vitamins, Minerals and trace elements(small amount of molecules)

Question 6

What functions do carbohydrates contribute to ?

Answer 6

Energy source which is used in physical activity and the CNS (makes up 60% of energy intake), Contain fibre which has health benefits

Question 7

What are the ways to classify carbohydrates on their chain length

Answer 7

Mono, Di, Olgio (3-10 carbon) and Polysaccharides

Question 8

What are the three types that carbohydrates are found in food as ?

Answer 8

Sugar, Starches and Fibre

Question 9

What are the functions of Fats ?

Answer 9

Energy source (30%), protection of vital organs, cell membrane constituents, precursors of bile, hormones and steroids, vitamin intake and palatability

Question 10

What are the most abudant fat in a diet ?

Answer 10

Triglyceride

Question 11

What constiutes a short chain fatty acid from a medium or long chain ?

Answer 11

Short chain is 6 or less, medium is 8-10 and Long chain is 12 or more

Question 12

Whats the differemce between a saturated fatty acid and an unsaturated one ?

Answer 12

Saturated = No Double Bond
Unsaturated = One or More Double Bond

Question 13

What are the functions of Proteins ?

Answer 13

• Proteins provide structure to all cells in the
  human body,
• amino acids have central roles in the
  metabolism of organs and tissues,
• precursor for the synthesis of body proteins,
• regulator of Neurotransmitters, Hormones,
  DNA and rNA
• 10% of energy intake

Question 14

How many Amino Acids are there ?

Answer 14

20

Question 15

How many Amino acids are essential ?

Answer 15

9

Question 16

What does it mean if a food is categorised as being a complete protein ?

Answer 16

Contains all 9 essential amino acids

Question 17

What does it mean if a food is catgeorised as being an incomplete protein ?

Answer 17

Deficient in one or more essential amino acids

Question 18

How much of the adult body is water ?

Answer 18

60%

Question 19

What is the function of water ?

Answer 19

– Nutrient transport

– Protection

– Temperature regulation

– Biochemical reactions

– Medium for reactions

Question 20

What are the methods of assessing Dietary Intake

Answer 20

 Diet record (3-7 days weighed [or estimated] food intake)

 24 h recall

 Food frequency questionnaire