Week 1 Cardiovascular Exam

Question 1

1. Examination includes both arterial & venous systems.
   a. Arterial system examined via
   b. Venous system examined via

Answer 1

a. pulses & blood pressure

b. Jugular Pulse & varicose veins

Question 2

Jugular Pulse evaluates venous pressure

	a. observe rise in column of blood in the jugular vein and evaluate height in relation to What structures?
	b. normal is 4cm or less above what; normal is 5cm or less above what structure? What position is the patient in?

Answer 2

Jugular Pulse evaluates venous pressure

	a. jugular vein, clavicle or sternum
	b. The clavicle; sternum, patient is reclined at 45 degrees

Question 3

a. When jugular pause evaluation prove to be normal, it is likely that there are no….tricuspid/pulmonic valve disease
b. . What are finds are present with elevated/increased jugular pulse wave…..

    C. An increased pulmonary pressures indicates what?

Answer 3

a. 1. tricuspid/pulmonic valve disease
2. right ventricular hypertrophy
3. serious pulmonary hypertension

    b. 1. increased right atrial pressure & blood volume
     2. increased right ventricle pressure
     3. possible…	valve disease
				increased pulmonary pressure 			              increased back pressure into venous circulation

C. 1. slows flow of blood through lungs

2. increased pressures in heart 
3. increase pressures in venous system

Question 4

Hepatojugular Reflux is performed when there is a
a.How is the procedure performed?

	b. What does the results 1cm or more increase  & 1/2 cm mean?

Answer 4

positive Jugular Pulse
a. place a hand over the liver & press for 10 seconds
(designed to push the blood out of the liver, into venous circulation)
recheck the jugular pulse
b. 1cm or more = positive test, indicating a liver problem
1/2cm (approximately) = normal increase

Question 5

Jugular Pulse & Hepatojugular Reflux provides information on….

Answer 5

R. Side of heart, lungs, peripheral venous pressure and liver
REMEMBER: this info does not give dx, only good info to determine definitive dx

Question 6

Pulse should be what and between what range?

Pulse should be taken ___.

Answer 6

Reg in rhythm, normal amp (aka height of pulse wave) Ranged between 50-90 BPM
Bilaterally

Question 7

a. What does the pulse tell us about the heart?

b. A pulse evaluation taken bilaterally includes what types of pressures?

Answer 7

A.It indicates how heart muscle is working

B. Rhythm, amplitude, rate and pulse pressures

Question 8

What is the formula to calculate pulse pressure?

What is the range of pulse pressure and state what a normal variant of BP is?

Answer 8

Systolic - Diastolic = Pulse pressure
Range: 30-50
Variant: > 10 mm Hg from side to side