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FINAL - PSYCH335 > Week 12, Ch. 14 > Flashcards

Week 12, Ch. 14 Flashcards

1
Q

Virtual treatment can be just as _________ as in-person treatment.

A

effective

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2
Q

T/F : A therapeutic alliance can be established regardless of therapy being face-to-face or virtual.

A

T

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3
Q

What is it imperative to confirm with the client before starting a virtual therapy session?

A

Client’s location

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4
Q

Virtual treatment requires a level of __________.

A

priviledge

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5
Q

Which type of virtual therapy makes it the hardest to feel the “energy” in the room?

A

Group therapy

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6
Q

Ending of therapy can mirror the ending of ______________.

A

relationships

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7
Q

Termination is more difficult for _______-_______ treatment.

A

long-term

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8
Q

Who should progress be attributed to throughout therapy?

A

the client

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9
Q

One helpful technique to use throughout therapy, prior to termination, is to prepare clients for __________.

A

setbacks

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10
Q

Prior to termination, it may be beneficial to taper the ___________ of sessions.

A

frequency

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11
Q

Higher ________ is associated with engaging and staying in treatment.

A

SES

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12
Q

Matching __________ is associated with client remaining in treatment longer.

A

ethnicity

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13
Q

Who is more likely to seek out therapy?

A

Women

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14
Q

Which client variable has no association when it comes to matching?

A

Gender

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15
Q

Age is _________ related to staying in treatment longer.

A

positively

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16
Q

Which client variable is unrelated to treatment outcome?

A

Age

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17
Q

Positive treatment outcomes are associated with stronger _____, _______ reactance, and __________ expectations.

A

ego; low; positive

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18
Q

Psychological _______________ is associated with positive treatment outcomes.

A

mindedness

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19
Q

Understanding one’s emotions and talking in more abstract language are key indicators that the client possesses what variable that correlates with positive treatment outcomes?

A

Psychological mindedness

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20
Q

Poorer treatment outcomes are associated with more severe __________, and a greater impairment in overall _____________.

A

symptoms; functioning

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21
Q

The presence of a ____________ disorder is associated with poorer treatment outcomes.

A

personality

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22
Q

Which client variable has mixed research on whether it is related to outcome success?

A

Ethnicity

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23
Q

Which two therapist variables have no effect on the treatment outcome.

A

Gender & Age

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24
Q

Which therapist variables have positive effects (despite being small) on treatment outcome? (HINT: there are 3)

A
  1. Experience
  2. Well-being
  3. Judicious self-disclosure
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25
Q

Which therapist variable has the greatest positive effect on treatment outcome?

A

Therapist well-being

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26
Q

____________ __________ training for therapists is associated with more positive outcomes than health training.

A

Mental health

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27
Q

Which therapist variable has limited research on its effects on treatment outcome?

A

Ethnicity

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28
Q

More complicated or more impaired clients often use professionals with more ___________. (Hint: a therapist variable)

A

experience

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29
Q

Which therapist variable has inconclusive effects among different mental health professions?

A

Professional background

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30
Q

What is the term used to refer to how willing someone is to accept intervention or influence from another person in a therapy setting?

A

Psychological Reactance

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31
Q

Low reactant clients do best in __________ treatments.

A

directive

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32
Q

High reactant clients do best in ______ __________ treatments.

A

less directive

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33
Q

If a client says “tell me what I need to do to make me feel better,” would this client be considered a low or highly reactant client?

A

Low

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34
Q

It is important to let a highly reactant client come to their own ______________.

A

Realizations / insights

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35
Q

If a therapist is letting the client move through therapy at their own speed and in a general manner, their client is likely ___________ reactant.

A

highly

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36
Q

T/F : Highly reactant clients do not become more low-reactant with treatment.

A

F

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37
Q

Which treatment variable is associated with the Psychodynamic and Process-experiential theoretical orientations?

A

Interpretation

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38
Q

The treatment variable “Directiveness” is most associated with which theoretical orientation?

A

CBT

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39
Q

Directiveness is moderated by client ____________.

A

reactance

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40
Q

Which theoretical orientation uses the most homework or “between-session assignments?”

A

CBT

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41
Q

Which treatment variable has a positive effect on treatment outcome?

A

Between-session assignments (homework)

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42
Q

Which treatment variable is most important for internalizing clients (those with anxiety or depression for example)

A

Insight

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43
Q

Which treatment variable is most important for externalizing clients?

A

Symptom reduction

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44
Q

Which treatment variable has positive effects on treatment outcome with client who have good interpersonal skills?

A

Interpretation

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45
Q

Interpretation has a positive effect on treatment outcome with clients who have good __________ skills.

A

interpersonal

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46
Q

Which theoretical orientation is the treatment variable “Interpretation” mostly associated with? (HINT: there are 2)

A
  1. Psychodynamic
  2. Process-experiential
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47
Q

Which 3 treatment variables are associated with various theoretical orientations?

A
  1. Insight
  2. Between-session assignments
  3. Symptom reduction
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48
Q

The treatment variable “Insight” is most important for _______________ clients when it comes to treatment outcome.

A

internalizing

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49
Q

The treatment variable “Symptom reduction” is most important for _____________ clients.

A

externalizing

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50
Q

Treatment outcome for clients with anxiety would be most effected by which treatment variable?

A

Insight

51
Q

Which treatment variable has no consistent pattern when it comes to evaluating treatment outcome?

A

Interpretation

52
Q

Reducing isolation and providing reassurance are two ________ factors.

A

Support

53
Q

Giving advice, insight, and feedback are considered to be __________ factors.

A

Learning

54
Q

Facing fears by working through acceptance and warmth are considered to be __________ factors.

A

Action

55
Q

What are the 3 common treatment factors?

A
  1. Support factors
  2. Learning factors
  3. Action factors
56
Q

Two support factors are therapist __________ and ___________.

A

Alliance; expertise

57
Q

A treatment learning factor is cognitive __________ and emotional ___________.

A

learning; experiencing

57
Q

Releasing __________ is one type of action factor.

A

tension

58
Q

What 3 factors make up the therapeutic alliance?

A
  1. Affective bonds
  2. Consensus about goals
  3. Sense of partnership
59
Q

One factor of the therapeutic alliance is __________ bonds.

A

affective

60
Q

Consensus about __________ is considered to enhance the therapeutic alliance.

A

goals

61
Q

Having a sense of ______________ will enhance the therapeutic alliance.

A

partnership

62
Q

When there are several psychotherapy options that prove to be useful to the client, which one should you start with?

A

The one with the greatest evidence

63
Q

Challenging / Questioning is good, however, ______________ is not.

A

confrontation

64
Q

T/ F: Making assumptions about the client can assist in moving therapy forward.

A

F

65
Q

T / F: It is important to be rigid in the approach you take with clients during therapy.

A

F

66
Q

T/F : “You do not work harder than your client”

A

F

67
Q

T/F : Resistance can show up in the client through refusing to engage in activities that may be helpful in the development of wellness + risk reduction.

A

T

68
Q

Silence or minimal discussion with the therapist is an example of ____________.

A

Resistance

69
Q

If a client if preoccupied with the past or the future, this is an example of ______________.

A

Resistance

70
Q

According to Herle, resistance is a _________ response to feeling pressured or challenged.

A

normal

71
Q

According to Herle, what term is used to describe the product of how we engage with the client?

A

Resistance

72
Q

What is the term to use for feedback that we (as a therapist) need to “walk carefully” around?

A

Resistance

73
Q

As a therapist, dealing with resistance means we are needing to be on our best _______________ behaviour.

A

motivational

74
Q

What technique was developed by Miller & Rollnick?

A

Motivational Interviewing

75
Q

Which technique was developed out of addictions work and is helpful for clients who are ambivalent to change?

A

Motivational Interviewing

76
Q

Motivational Interviewing uses the transtheoretical model of _________.

A

change

77
Q

__________ listening for change language is important in Motivational Interviewing.

A

Active

78
Q

Which technique counters the “righting reflex?”

A

Motivational Interviewing

79
Q

What are the 4 “modules” of Motivational Interviewing?

A
  1. Engaging
  2. Focusing
  3. Evoking
  4. Planning
80
Q

What does OARS stand for?

A

Open questioning, affirmations, reflections, summarizations

81
Q

What is the KEY for the “engaging module” of Motivational Interviewing?

A

Work with ambivalence

82
Q

In which “module” of Motivational Interviewing is it important to listen for change talk?

A

Engaging

83
Q

In which Motivational Interviewing “module” should you use the Elicit/Provide/Elicit sequence?

A

Engaging

84
Q

What is the first ‘elicit’ mean in the Elicit/Provide/Elicit sequence?

A

Elicit client’s understanding

85
Q

What is the last ‘elicit’ mean in the Elicit/Provide/Elicit sequence?

A

Elicit client’s reaction to information

86
Q

What does the ‘provide’ mean in the Elicit/Provide/Elicit sequence?

A

Provide SOME information

87
Q

Which “module” of Motivational Interviewing would establishing goals fall into?

A

Focusing

88
Q

Encouraging clients to use their own motivations to change lies in which “module” of Motivational Interviewing?

A

Evoking

89
Q

If your client is developing a concrete, realistic action plan for themselves, they would be considered to be in which “module” of Motivational Interviewing?

A

Planning

90
Q

T/F : Motivational Interviewing uses a directive approach.

A

F

90
Q

The metaphor of ‘dancing’ is used for which therapy technique?

A

Motivational Interviewing

91
Q

In Prochaska and DiClemente’s Stages of Change, stage one is?

A

Thinking about it

92
Q

In Prochaska and DiClemente’s Stages of Change, stage 2 is?

A

Preparing for Action

93
Q

In Prochaska and DiClemente’s Stages of Change, stage 3 is?

A

Taking Action

94
Q

In Prochaska and DiClemente’s Stages of Change, stage 4 is?

A

Maintaining a good thing for life

95
Q

If a client is attending rehab, what stage of Prochaska and DiClemente’s Stages of Change is the client in?

A

Taking Action

96
Q

In the “Preparing for Action” stage of Prochaska and DiClemente’s Stages of Change, the client is ________ of options, but is not taking any _________.

A

aware; steps

97
Q

Relapses or sliding backwards occassionally is not ___________.

A

unusual

98
Q

If a client is truly just not ready yet, what stage of Prochaska and DiClemente’s Stages of Change are they in?

A

Thinking about it

99
Q

Prochaska and DiClemente’s Stages of Change is NOT a ____________ process.

A

Linear

100
Q

Prochaska and DiClemente’s Stages of Change can be a __________ event.

A

cyclical

101
Q

What is the BIG point about self-care for therapists?

A

It is impossible to teach clients to take care of themselves / set boundaries if we do not do it ourselves.

102
Q

What is it called when a client is exerting a tendency to act against attempts to your influence?

A

Psychological Reactance

103
Q

One consequence of virtual treatment is that it is difficult to observe ____________ cues.

A

nonverbal

104
Q

Treatment-outcome research addresses the question of _______ intervention is more efficacious, while process-outcome research asks ______ an intervention works.

A

Which; How

105
Q

Therapists tend to behave in ways that are _________ with the theoretical orientation they espouse.

A

consistent

106
Q

T/F : Psychotherapy researchers believe that diagnosis is the primary factor that determines treatment outcome.

A

F

107
Q

A client with lower SES is at heightened risk for premature ___________.

A

termination

108
Q

Suggestions have been made to certify _______ rather than treatments.

A

therapists

109
Q

What should you focus on enhancing in a patient who is introspective, introverted, or who have an internalizing style?

A

Self-awareness (or understanding of their problems)

110
Q

What should you focus on for a patient who is impulsive, under-controlled, or who have an externalizing style?

A

Symptom alleviation (or reduction)

111
Q

“r” values are usually obtained from _________ designs.

A

correlational

112
Q

“d” values are usually obtained from ______________ designs.

A

experimental

113
Q

______________ designs are superior to correlational designs.

A

Experimental

114
Q

3/4 of therapists identify as having an _______________ approach.

A

Integrative / Eclectic

115
Q

A common ‘common factor’ that has received extensive attention from researchers is the _______________ _________________.

A

Therapeutic alliance

116
Q

Early-established therapeutic alliance significantly predicts treatment __________.

A

outcome

117
Q

What did Rosenzweig refer to his hypothesis that all psychotherapies are equivalent in their effects as?

A

Dodo Bird Verdict

118
Q

What is Rosenzweig’s Dodo Bird Verdict?

A

That all psychotherapies are equivalent in their effects

119
Q

T/F : Although frequently cited, the Dodo Bird Verdict is not meta-analytically supported.

A

T

120
Q

Which treatment would be best for someone with panic disorder - CBT or relaxation therapy?

A

CBT

121
Q

Research comparing a treatment that has established efficacy with one that has no empirical support is unlikely to be ____________.

A

funded

FINAL - PSYCH335 (3 decks)

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