Week 15 Preventing and reducing aggressive behavior lecture 26

Question 1

experienced emotion has two components:
1. physiological arousal
2. cognitive label

Answer 1

Schacter singer theory of emotion

Question 2

in Schacter singer theory of emotion: experienced emotion has two components

Answer 2

1. physiological arousal
2. cognitive label

Question 3

• an emotional response to a real or imagined threat or provocation
• motivates people to approach and solve problems
• makes people feel strong and powerful, which can motivate them to stand up for what they believe is right
• motivated social movements
• can also motivate people to excel in sports and other domains
• can also motivate people to stand up and fight for trivial or ill advised things
• most murders committed in the US are due to

Answer 3

anger

Question 4

frustrations lead to anger, and anger builds up inside a person, like stream inside a pressure cooker, until it is vented. the person will eventually explode in an aggressive rage

Answer 4

Steam boiler (hydraulic) model

Question 5

3 anger management approaches

Answer 5

1. stuff it (try to contain the steam)
2. express it (vent the steam)
3. get rid of it (turn down the heat)

Question 6

• this approach is endorsed by most societies
• can have negative health effects, such as heart disease
• if people try to hid their anger, some anger might be diminished
• might reduce anger but is bad for your health

Answer 6

Stuff it (try to contain the steam)

Question 7

facial expressions can evoke or magnify emotions because the brain reacts to what the facial muscles are doing

Answer 7

facial feedback hypothesis

Question 8

treats anger as inner pressure or corrosive substance that builds up over time inside the person and does harm unless it is released
- dates back to Aristotle with the concept of catharsis: to clean or purge
- some therapist advocate this approach
- self help books advocate this
- is like using gasoline to put out a fire - it feeds the flame
- keeps arousal levels high
- keeps aggressive thoughts active in memory
- keeps angry feelings alive
- can have negative health consequences, such as heart disease
- increases rather than decreases anger and aggression

Answer 8

express it (vent the steam)

Question 9

ways to reduce the arousal state
(physiological)

Answer 9

1. delay (count to 10)
2. relaxation (try to reduce the arousal state)

Question 10

• take some deep breaths
• progressive muscle relaxation
• meditation/yoga/mindfulness
• listen to calming music
• take a warm bath
• play a relaxing video games
• light a candle

Answer 10

relaxation examples to reduce the arousal state

Question 11

ways to use mental tactics to reduce arousal (cognitive)

Answer 11

1. distraction: think about something else that is interesting and demands full attention
2. incompatible responses: do something incompatible with anger and aggression
3. self distancing: adopt a fly on the wall perspective
4. reframe: adopt a different perspective
5. don’t get hangry: feed your brain healthy food

Question 12

• play a nonviolent video game or watch a nonviolent movie or tv show
• surf the internet
• solve a puzzle

Answer 12

distraction from aggression

Question 12

• pet a puppy
• watch a nonviolent comedy
• help someone in need
• kiss or hug someone you like

Answer 12

incompatible responses

Question 13

• a change in perspective
• used in cognitive behavior therapy, which has been shown to one effective for reducing anger

Answer 13

reframing in conflict resolution

Question 14

part of brain that controls emotion

Answer 14

prefrontal cortex