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Patho 4 > Week 2- Rheumatological > Flashcards

Week 2- Rheumatological Flashcards

1
Q

types arthritis

A

degenerative
autoimmune
infectious
metabolic disturbances [depositional]

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2
Q

monoarticular, oligoarticular, or polyarticular

A

monoarticular= affecting 1 joint, oligoarticular= 4 joints or less
polyarticular= 5+ joints

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3
Q

degenerative arthritis

A

osteoarthritis

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4
Q

primary joint affected by OA

A

primary cystic arthrosis of the hip

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5
Q

seronegative spondyloarthritides (4)

A
  1. ankylosing spondylitis
  2. enteropathic arthritis(occurs with IBD)
  3. psoriatic arthritis
    4. reactive arthritis [Reiter syndrome]
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6
Q

depositional types arthritis

A
  1. amyloid arthropathy

  2. calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease [CPPD] (PSEUDO GOUT)
  3. gout
  4. hemophilic arthropathy

  5. hydroxyapatite crystal deposition disease [HADD]
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7
Q

calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease

A

-pseudo gout
what Todd had
-A condition in which calcium crystals deposit in the joints, potentially causing pain

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8
Q

is RA triggered by genes or enviroment

A

both
-HLA-DRB1 gene binds exogenous antigens
-infection can trigger

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9
Q

labs associated with RA

A

-Rheumatoid factor
-activation of MMP-1 [matrix metalloproteinase; degrades cartilage]

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10
Q

pannus

A

RA
-a well-vascularized mass of granulation tissue termed

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11
Q

where is RA found

A

found from synovial membrane to cartilage to subchondral bone

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12
Q

Bouchard’s nodes

A

in RA inflammation of PIP
B= closer to body
B= Bouchards nodes

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13
Q

Heberden’s nodes

A

DIP = Heberden’s nodes
h= higher=heberdens nodes

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14
Q

radiographic features of RA

A

periarticular osteopenia marginal erosions
joint-space narrowing
joint destruction with deformities subluxation/dislocation
bony ankylosis

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15
Q

RA sxs aside joints

A

fatigue, weakness, anorexia, weight loss, and low- grade fever
anemia, vasculitis
rheumatic nodules
retinal and cardiac involvement

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16
Q

rheumatoid nodules are usually seen in pressure areas:

A

elbows, occiput, lumbosacral

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17
Q

EULAR criteria for RA

A
  1. joints affected (more joints=more points)
  2. labs (RF or ACPA)
  3. Acute phase reactants (elevated erythrocyte or CRP)
  4. Duration (sxs 6+ weeks)
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18
Q

most common type lupus (70%)

A

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

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19
Q

lupus effects only 10%; involves skin

A

discoid lupus

20
Q

drug-inducedlupusincludes10%

A

drug-inducedlupusincludes10%

21
Q

remaining 10% is a combo of lupus and another autoimmune

A

remaining 10% is a combo of lupus and another autoimmune

22
Q

lupus sxs

A

-polyarthritis without articular destruction
-malar [butterfly] rash
-photosensitivity [rash]
-glomerulonephritis
-pulmonary issues
-pericarditis
-hemolytic anemia, leukopenia, lymphopenia, or thrombocytopenia

23
Q

lupus antibody test

A

anti-DNA antibody test (anti-dsDNA)

24
Q

autoimmune disease of connective tissue characterized by excessive collagen deposition in the skin and internal organs

A

Systemic Sclerosis/Scleroderma

25
Q

sxs scleroderma

A

-typical person has “stone facies” due to tightening of the facial skin with restricted motion of the mouth
-involvement of the esophagus leads to dysphagia
-pulmonary, vascular, renal and cardiac complications

26
Q

ABCDCREST dx criteria for scleroderma

A

ABCD
1. Autoantibodies

2. Bibasilar pulmonary fibrosis
3. Contractures of digital joints
4. Dermal thickening proximal to wrists

27
Q

ABCDCREST dx criteria for scleroderma

A

CREST
1. calcinosis [calcium deposits in the subcutaneous tissue that erupt through the skin]
2. Raynaud phenomenon
3. esophageal dysmobility
4. sclerodactyly [localized scleroderma of the fingers]
5. telangiectasia (broken capillaries)

28
Q

inflammation and involvement of the axial skeleton [especially the spine] with an absence of RF

A

Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies
-mainly sacroilliac

29
Q

chronic, systemic inflammatory disease of the joints of the vertebral column and sacroiliac joints manifested by pain and progressive stiffening of the spine

A

Ankylosing Spondylitis
-starts with SI joint

30
Q

test for Ankolosings spondylitis

A

modified Schober test (access lumbar flexion)
-5 below iliac crest and 10cm above iliac crest)

31
Q

type of arthritis develops after infection (usually bacterial/STIs)

A

reactive arthritis

32
Q

reactive arthritis sxs (3)

A
  1. conjunctivitis
  2. urethritis
  3. arthritis
33
Q

dactylitis

A

“sausage digit” which refers to soft tissue swelling of a whole digit
-seen in psoriatic arthritis

34
Q

most common form arthritis
-progressive destruction of articular cartilage

A

osteoarthritis

35
Q

causes of OA

A
  1. hormones and growth factors,
  2. drugs
  3. mechanical stresses
  4. extracellular environment
36
Q

primary variants of OA

A
  1. joint space narrowing
  2. osteophytes
  3. subchondral sclerosis
37
Q

causes of secondary OA

A
  1. congenital or acquired defects of joint structures
  2. trauma
  3. infection
  4. endocrinopathies
  5. crystal deposits
  6. osteonecrosis
  7. metabolic disorders
  8. inflammatory diseases
38
Q

sxs of OA

A
  1. joint pain
  2. stiffness
  3. limited ROM
  4. joint instability
  5. deformity
  6. sarcopenia (loss of muscle)
39
Q

breakdown of collagen in OA is driven by _____ enzyme

A

MMP

40
Q

increased serum uric acid and urate crystals

A

gout

41
Q

the accumulation of crystalline deposits in articular surfaces, bones, soft tissue, and cartilage

A

tophi

42
Q

gout is associated with what substance

A

uric acid

43
Q

is gout assocaited with overproduction or underexcredtoon of uric acid

A

under excretion

44
Q

first joint affected by gout

A

MTP joint with redness and swelling

45
Q

calcium pyrophosphate dehydrate into joint
[CPPD]
-into cartilgage

A

pseudo gout
(what Todd had)

46
Q
A

Patho 4 (7 decks)

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