Week 2 (Theories of Aggression) lecture 4

Question 1

“innate” tendency to seek a particular goal
what is this ?

Answer 1

instinct

Question 2

freud proposed that humans have a constructive, life giving instinct which is called ?

Answer 2

eros

Question 3

• a destructive death instinct or “death wish”
• eliminates internal tensions through death
• destructive energy builds up inside an individual and eventually spills out in the form of violence against others or the self
  what is this ?

Answer 3

thanatos

Question 4

eros redirects Thanatos into what ?

Answer 4

aggression against others

Question 5

involves blocking goal directed behavior
what is this ?

Answer 5

frustration

Question 6

1. “the occurrence of aggressive behavior always presupposes the existence of frustration”
2. “the existence of frustration always leads to some form of aggression
   what is this ?

Answer 6

frustration-aggression hypothesis

Question 7

all aversive events, not just frustrations, automatically produce negative affect
what is this ?

Answer 7

reformulated frustration-aggression hypothesis

Question 8

• physiological arousal dissipates slowly
• it two arousing events are separated by a short amount of time, some of the arousal from the first event may transfer to the second event
• this extra arousal from the first event can cause an over reaction to the second event
  what is this ?

Answer 8

excitation transfer theory

Question 9

anger is associated with aggression while fear is associated with ?

Answer 9

withdrawal

Question 10

the intensity of an anger in the excitation transfer theory depends upon ?

Answer 10

1. the strength of physiological arousal generated by the aversive event
2. how the arousal is labeled

Question 11

method of learning that consists of observing and modeling another individuals behavior, attitudes, or emotional expression
what is this ?

Answer 11

observational/social learning

Question 12

is behavior change through direct reinforcement
what is this ?

Answer 12

instrumental learning

Question 13

-is behavior change through indirect or vicarious reinforcement
what is this ?

Answer 13

modeling

Question 14

-learning by imitation
what is this

Answer 14

modeling

Question 15

1. model is similar to them
2. model has admired status
3. model is rewarded
4. the behavior has functional value
   what are these ?

Answer 15

how individuals are more likely to adopt a modeled behavior

Question 16

to imitate a model, you must pay attention to the models behavior
what is this ?

Answer 16

attention

Question 17

in order for an observed behavior to be used again, you must store it in memory (through rehearsal)
what is this ?

Answer 17

retention

Question 18

to imitate a model, you must have physical abilities and skills to reproduce the observed action
what is this ?

Answer 18

reproduction

Question 19

you are unlikely to imitate a model unless you are motivated to do so, which depends on the expected benefits
what is this ?

Answer 19

motivation

Question 20

1. attention
2. retention
3. reproduction
4. motivation
   what are these ?

Answer 20

the 4 social learning processes for successful imitation