Semester 1 Week 3

Question 1

What are the two types of phospholipids?

Answer 1

The two types of phospholipids are:

Phosphoglycerides: glycerol, 2 fatty acids, phosphate, organic molecule

Phosphosphingolipids: sphingosine, 1 fatty acid, phosphate, organic molecule

Question 2

What are all of the Polar amino acids?

Answer 2

Serine- Sexy
Asparagine - Ass
Threonine - Turtles
Cysteine - Climb
Glutamine - Great
Tyrosine - Trees

Question 3

What are all of the electrically charged amino acids?

Answer 3

Glutamic acid - Gay
Aspartic acid - Albanians
Lysine - Love
Histidine - Harry’s
Arginine - Asshole

Question 4

What are chaperones (chaperonins)?

Answer 4

Chaperones are roteins that assist and maintain proper folding of other proteins

Question 5

What are different methods for enhancing visualisation of cellular structures in light microscopes?

Answer 5

1) Brightfield (stained and unstained) - light passed directly through specimen
2)Phase-contrast - enhances contrast by amplifying variations in density within specimen
3) Differential-interference-contrast - exaggerate differences in density, making image look 3D
4) Fluorescence - shows locations of specific molecules by tagging molecules with fluorescent dyes/antibodies
5) Confocal - lasers and special optics used for optical sectioning of fluorescently-stained specimen

Question 6

What is the magnification and resolution of a light microscope?

Answer 6

The magnification of light microscopes is x1000 size of specimen and resolution is 0.2µm

Question 7

What is the magnification and resolution of an electron microscope?

Answer 7

The magnification of an electron microscope is 250,000x size of actual specimen and resolution is 0.1nm (NANOmeters).

Question 8

What is phagocytosis?

Answer 8

Phagocytosis is intracellular digestion done by lysosomes

Question 9

What is Autophagy?

Answer 9

Autophagy is destruction of damaged organelles and recycling of cell’s organic material