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PSY3105-Psych of Adolescence > Week 4 - Families > Flashcards

Week 4 - Families Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most important function for adolescents in terms of family?

A

SOCIALIZATION!!!

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2
Q

What is socialization?

A

where children acquire the beliefs, motives, values, and behaviours deemed significant by a culture or subculture

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3
Q

Families are NOT dynamic systems. True or False?

A

False! They are!

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4
Q

What sort of relationships exist in the dynamic system of the family?

A

reciprocal relationships!
- parents influence the children and the children influence the parents

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5
Q

What can cause a disequilibrium in a family system?

A

“significant change in a family member of in a relationship between family members”
- puberty
- divorce
-death

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6
Q

What are “phase transitions” in family dynamics?

A

when old patterns are breaking down and new patterns are emerging

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7
Q

Are family dynamics always changing?

A

YES!
- children become more AUTONOMOUS and want more FREEDOM –> lead to conflict
-

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8
Q

What are the two dimensions of parenting?

A

1.Acceptance/Responsiveness
2. Demanding/control

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9
Q

What makes a parent “accepting/responsive”?

A
  • warmth
  • affectionate
  • receptive
  • supporting
  • smile, praise and encourage children
  • can be critical if child misbehaving
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10
Q

What makes parents “demanding/controlling”?

A
  • surpervising
  • regulating
  • setting limits
  • actively monitoring to ensure rules are being followed
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11
Q

What are the 4 different types of parenting styles?

A
  1. Authoritarian
  2. Authoritative
  3. Permissive
  4. Uninvolved
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12
Q

What does “authoritarian” parenting focus on and provide an example?

A
  • obedience
  • punishment over discipline
    -high demand, low warmth
  • ex: the mother in tangled
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13
Q

What does “authoritative” parenting focus on and provide an example?

A
  • creates a positive relationship
  • enforce rules rationally
  • low demand, high warmth
  • “gold standard”
  • consider child’s point of view and acknowledges that
  • tailors demands to child’s ability to regulate
    -demands are realistic and allows autonomy
  • ex: Phill from modern family or Danny from Full House
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14
Q

What does “permissive” parenting focus on and provide an example?

A
  • Don’t enforce rules
  • mentality that “kids will be kids”
    -more flexible
  • ex: mom from Mean Girls
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15
Q

What does “uninvolved” parenting focus on and provide an example?

A
  • provide little guidance, nurture, or attention
    -not responsive, not warm, no rules
  • ex: Schidt’s Creek parents
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16
Q

What are the child’s outcomes like from “Authoritarian” parenting?

A
  • passive
    -dependent
    -weaker self-esteem
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17
Q

What are the child’s outcomes like from “Authoritative” parenting?

A
  • independent
  • self-assured
  • less likely to get involved in problem behaviours
  • positive social, emotional, and intellectual abilities
18
Q

What are the child’s outcomes like from “Permissive” parenting?

A
  • immature
  • easily influenced by peer pressure
  • self-centered
    -lack self control
19
Q

What are the child’s outcomes like from “Uninvolved” parenting?

A
  • most negative outcomes:(
  • little interest in school
  • get into risky activity early (sex, drugs, alcohol)
20
Q

Can parenting styles mix or be dependent on the situation?

A

YEs!

21
Q

What is the difference between emotional autonomy and behavioural autonomy?

A

Behavioural = ability to make own decisions

Emotional = inner sources of emotional security

22
Q

What is the difference between “behavioural control” and “Psychological control” ?

A
  • behavioural = parental rules, restriction’s, and limits
  • psychological = inducing guilt, love withdrawl (manipulation of the child)
23
Q

What are lower levels of behavioural control linked to?

A
  • drug use
  • antisocial
    -not going to school
24
Q

What are high levels of psychological control linked to?

A
  • anxiety
    -depression
  • rejection by peers
25
Q

What do kids argue with their parents about?

A
  1. whether some choices should be made by parents or by the adolescence
    - has to do with the adolescent
    ex: curfews, clothing, chores
26
Q

What do kids and parents tend to continue to agree on?

A
  • important issues!
    ex: values, religion, morals, respect
27
Q

When is conflict between parents and kids the highest and lowest?

A

highest = early adolescence
lowest=late adolescence

28
Q

What is an example on a “non-shared environmental influence” and how does it impact the adolescent?

A
  • experiences unique to the individual and not shared by other members of the family in same environment
  • ex: siblings go to different schools
  • could end up having the parent treating one sibling better than the other
29
Q

What is an example of a “shared environmental influence” and how does it have an impact on the adolescent?

A
  • experiences common to all the family in same environments
  • ex: both siblings play soccer
  • could be competition between the siblings, parents treat them equally or put more pressure on one than the other?
30
Q

What are the 3 genotype-environment correlations?

A
  1. Passive
  2. Evocative
  3. Active
31
Q

What is a “passive” genotype-environment?

A
  • parents contribute genes to child
  • parents expressive their genes in the environment they create
    ex: mom played piano so creates an environment of music for child
32
Q

What is a “evocative” genotype-environment?

A
  • genetic traits displayed by children
  • elicit behaviour from others that enhances those traits
  • “evoking the behaviour”
  • ex: child is extroverted and hangs out with other extroverts to “pull the extrovert” out of them
33
Q

What is a “Active” genotype-environment?

A
  • child’s traits result in them seeking out the “niches” that support the trait
    -actively seeking out their environment
    ex: extroverted child seeking out social situations
34
Q

Are siblings vital to the family life of adolescents?

A

Yes!

35
Q

What do siblings help with for development of adolescents?

A
  • serve as models, teachers, critics, and companions
  • influence each other indirectly through parents
  • provide socializing experiences (friendship skills and gender roles)
36
Q

what is a “complementary role” in the sibling relationship?

A

older sibling = mentor
younger siblings = mentee

37
Q

What is a reciprocal role in siblings?

A

mutual and equal support

38
Q

What is “deidentification”?

A

defining oneself as different from siblings

39
Q

What is “sibling collusion”?

A

when your sibling has your back (promotes deviance)

40
Q
A

PSY3105-Psych of Adolescence (9 decks)

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