Week 4 (Individual differences in aggression) lecture 7

Question 1

1. easily swayed and and influenced by others
2. uncertain of self
3. tend to give up easily
4. shy, modest, hesitant, passive
5. avoid risk
6. protect self rather than enhance self
7. don’t call attention to self
   research shows that people who have these characteristics have what ?

Answer 1

low self esteem

Question 2

whats the traditional view with aggression and self esteem ?

Answer 2

aggressive people have low self esteem

Question 3

what are the 4 things of dark tetrad of personality ?

Answer 3

1. narcissism
2. psychopathy
3. machiavellianism
4. sadism

Question 4

named after the mythical greek character Narcissus, who said: “I burn with love for me”
what is this ?

Answer 4

narcissism

Question 5

entitled self importance
characterized by:
- sense of entitlement, which is core of narcissism
- grandiose self views (big ego)
- sense of superiority
- abusive authority and control over others
- excessive need for admiration
- vanity
- intolerance of criticism
- selfish orientation
- lack of empathy for others
what is this ?

Answer 5

narcissism

Question 6

• is continuous variable rather than a dichotomy
• personality trait that “normal people” vary in
  what is this ?

Answer 6

narcissism

Question 7

pathological expressions of narcissism are manifest as ?

Answer 7

narcissistic personality disorder (NPD)

Question 8

narcissism increased aggression by what percent ?

Answer 8

21 %

Question 9

narcissism increased violence by what percent ?

Answer 9

18%

Question 10

can you distinguish violent from non violent people on the basis of self esteem ?

Answer 10

no

Question 11

can you distinguish violent from non violent people on the basis of narcissism ?

Answer 11

yes

Question 12

• lack of empathy
• superficially charming
• focus on obtaining their own goals, regardless of whether they hurt others in the process
• callous and unemotional affective reactions
  what is this ?

Answer 12

psychopathy

Question 13

are psychopaths more likely to engage in proactive (cold blooded) aggression or reactive (hot blooded) aggression ?

Answer 13

proactive (cold blooded) aggression

Question 14

• italian philospher
• a main founder of modern political science
• regardless of the form of government, he believed that only success and glory by any means really matter
  who is this ?

Answer 14

niccolo machiavelli

Question 15

the use of cunning and deceitful tactics in politics
what is this ?

Answer 15

machiavellianism

Question 16

• practical guide to the use of raw political power
• focuses on practical success by any means, even at the expense of traditional moral value
• earned this person the reputation for being ruthless, deceptive, and cruel
  what book was this and who wrote it ?

Answer 16

The Prince by Machiavelli

Question 17

describes the effective procedures for the acquisition, maintenance, and use of a military force
what is this ?

Answer 17

The Art of War by machiavelli

Question 18

• never tell anyone the real reason you did something unless it is useful to do so
• the best way to handle people is to tell them what they want to hear
• it is hard to get ahead without cutting corners here and there
• positively related to psychopathy, narcissism, trait aggressiveness, bullying, and aggressive penalties in hockey games
  what is this ?

Answer 18

mach-iv scales

Question 19

-cruelty is pleasurable, exciting, and perhaps even sexually arousing
- instead of seeking to alleviate suffering, they actively seek opportunities to inflict suffering on others
- are attracted to violent video games and enjoy them
what is this ?

Answer 19

sadism

Question 20

-10 items
- hurting people is exciting
- I have hurt people for my own enjoyment
- I have fantasies that involve hurting people
what is this ?

Answer 20

short sadistic impulse scale

Question 21

what do the four dark traits have in common ?

Answer 21

lack of empathy

Question 22

is one of the best predictors of prosocial behaviors
what is this ?

Answer 22

empathy

Question 23

is feeling what the other person is feeling
what is this ?

Answer 23

empathy

Question 24

involves imaging how the other person feels
what is this ?

Answer 24

perspective taking

Question 25

involves understanding the other persons perspective by asking questions
what is this ?

Answer 25

perspective getting