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BMS100 > Week 5 Anatomy of Muscles > Flashcards

Week 5 Anatomy of Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Pectorals Major: Origin, Insertion, Function, Innervation

A

Origin: of obliquus externus abdominis, Anterior surface of sternum and cartilage of true ribs,Middle and lateral third of clavicle.
Insertion: distal to the greater tuberosity of humerus
Function: adduction of arm, brings raised arm downwards
Innervation: lateral and medial pectoral nerve

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2
Q

Latissimus Dorsi: Origin, Insertion, Function, Innervation

A

Origin: six inferior thoracic and all lumbar and sacral vertebrae; posterior iliac crest.
Insertion: via broad, flat tendon crossing teres major, into inferior part of biciptal groove of humerus
Function: Pulls raised arm downwards, draws upper limb posteriorly, medial rotation of arm
Innervation: thoracodorsal nerve

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3
Q

Deltoid: Origin, Insertion, Function, Innervation

A

Origin: lateral third of clavicle, acromion and inferior border of scapula spine.
Insertion: rough area on lateral aspect of humeral shaft, mid-length.
Function: contraction raises arm to horizontal plane. Partial contraction of anterior or posterior parts will rotate arm forwards/backwards
Innervation: axillary

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4
Q

Terres Major: Origin, Insertion, Function, Innervation

A

Origin: lower lateral border and inferior angle of the scapula
Insertion: Bicipital groove of the humerus

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5
Q

Coracobrachialis: Origin, Insertion, Function, Innervation

A

Origin: Coracoid process of the scapula
Insertion: Mid medial surface of the humerus

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6
Q

Biceps Brachii: Origin, Insertion, Function, Innervation

A

Origin: long head from the scapula, tendon runs around head of humerus and lies in bicipital groove. Short head from a tendon on the coracoid process of the scapula.
Insertion: common tendon onto tuberosity of radius.
Function: flexion of the elbow, with supination.
Innervation: musculocutaneous

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7
Q

Brachialis: Origin, Insertion, Function, Innervation

A

Origin: anterior surface of humerus, distal to deltoid insertion
Insertion: short tendon, into anterior surface of coronoid process of ulna.
Function: flexion of elbow
Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve

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8
Q

Triceps Brachii: Origin, Insertion, Function, Innervation

A

Origin: three heads: Medial and lateral originate from posterior surface of humerus. Long head starts inferior to articular surface of scapula, passes between the teres mm. (tendinosus)
Insertion: olecranon process of ulna
Function: very strong extension of forearm, adduction of arm.
Innervation: radial nerve, but long head supplied by axillary nerve

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9
Q

Iliopsoas: Origin, Insertion, Function, Innervation

A

Iliacus – originates in iliac fossa, inserts in tendon of psoas
Psoas major – originates from bodies of all lumbar vertebrae, inserts into lesser trochanter of femur.
Function: If trunk is fixed, flexion and medial rotation of femur. If limb is fixed, flexion of trunk
Innervation: femoral nerve, from L1 and L2

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10
Q

Sartorius: Origin, Insertion, Function, Innervation

A

Origin: ASIS
Insertion: Anterior surface upper tibia
Action: Flexion, Abduction & Lateral rotation of hip. Flexion of the knee.
Innervation: Femoral Nerve

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11
Q

Vastus lateralis: Origin, Insertion, Function, Innervation

A

Origin: near greater trochanter, lateral edge of linea aspera.
Insertion: Tibial Tuberostiy
Action: Knee extension
Innervation: Femoral Nerve

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12
Q

Vastus medialis: Origin, Insertion, Function, Innervation

A

Origin: medial edge of linea aspera, starting from lesser trochanter
Insertion: tibial tuberosity
Action: Knee extension
Innervation: Femoral Nerve

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13
Q

Vastus intermedius: Origin, Insertion, Function, Innervation

A

Originates anterior aspect of femur, down to lower third
Insertion: tibial tuberosity
Action: Knee extension
Innervation: Femoral Nerve

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14
Q

Rectus femoris: Origin, Insertion, Function, Innervation

A

Origin is anterior inferior iliac spine and groove superior to hip joint, prime mover of hip flexion
Insertion: tibial tuberosity
Action: Knee extension, hip flexion
Innervation: Femoral Nerve

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15
Q

Gluteus maximus: Origin, Insertion, Function, Innervation

A

Origin: posterior lateral surface of iliac bone, lateral sacrum and coxygeal bone, sacral ligaments
Insertion: broad femoral fascia, femur.
Function: extending thigh when the trunk is fixed, primarily when climbing stairs or rising from a squat.
Innervation: inferior gluteal nerve

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16
Q

Insertion of each Hamstring muscle, Semimembranosus, Semitendinosus, Biceps femoris.

A 
Semimembranosus
Insertion: Medial surface of tibia
Semitendinosus
Insertion: Medial tibia condyle
Biceps femoris
Insertion: Head of fibula
17
Q

Origin, function and innervation of the hamstring muscles

A

Origin: Ischial Tuberosity
Innervation: Sciatic Nerve
Actions: Flexion of knee, Extension
of the hip.

18
Q

Pectoralis minor: Origin, Insertion, Function, Innervation

A

Origin: 3rd to 5th rib (intercostal cartilage)
Insertion: Coracoid process of scapula
Action: Stabilises scapula
Innervation: Medial pectoral nerve

19
Q

Serratus anterior: Origin, Insertion, Function, Innervation

A

Origin: Outer surface of upper 8 ribs
Insertion: medial margin of scapula
Action: Stabilises scapula
Innervation: Long thoracic nerve

20
Q

The four abdominal muscles are…

A

Transversus abdominis*
Obliquus internus abdominis*
Obliquus externus abdominis*
Rectus abdominis*

21
Q

Internal Obliques: Origin, Insertion

A

Origin: lumbar fascia, lateral inguinal ligament, anterior two thirds of midline of iliac crest
Insertion: 7th to 9th ribs, aponeurosis forming linea alba

22
Q

External Obliques: Origin, Insertion

A

Origin: serrations extend to inferior 7-8 ribs, merging with the lat dorsi and serrate.
Insertion: iliac crest through to aponeurosis to linea alba.

23
Q

Obliques: Innervation, Action

A

Innervation: Thoracoabdominal nerve
Action: Compresses abdomen and rotates vertebral column

24
Q

Rectus Abdominis: Origin, Insertion, Function, Innervation

A

Origin: costal cartilage of ribs 5-7, xiphoid process
Insertion: tendon into pubic symphysis and pubic bone
Function: forward flexion of trunk, constriction of abdo cavity
Innervation: local thoraco-abdominal nerves

25
Q

Rhomboid major and minor: Origin, Insertion, Function, Innervation

A

Origin: spinous processes of T2-T5 (major), C7-T1 (minor)
Insertion: entire medial border of scapula
Function: fixator of scapula during arm movement, pulls shoulders in and back (the muscle of good posture)
Innervation: dorsal scapular nerve

26
Q

Trapezius: Origin, Insertion, Function, Innervation

A

Origin: external occipital protuberance and superior nuchal line of occipital bone, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of 7th cervical and all thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: lateral third of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula.
Function: brings shoulders back (posterior) when neck and trunk are fixed. Fixates scapula during arm movement. Cervical portion raises shoulder.
Innervation: accessory nerve (motor), cervical spinal nerves C3 and C4 (motor and sensation)

27
Q

Three main facial groups and what they control

A

Orbital Group- Orbicularis Oculi (closes the eyes)
Nasal Group- Nasalis (compresses and opens nose (flaring of nostrils)
Oral group - Orbicularis Oris (Purses the lips)

28
Q

Masseter: Origin, Insertion, Function, Innervation

A

Origin: zygomatic arch and maxilla
Insertion: Coronoid process, ramus and angle of mandible.
Function: elevation of jaw (closing) – strong
Innervation: mandibular nerve

29
Q

Diaphram: Origin, Function, Innervation

A

Origin:
Sternal part from ppsterior of xiphoid process
Costal part from inner part of ribs and costal cartilage of lower 6 ribs, interdigitating with the transverse abdominis
Lumbar part from lumbocostal arches (aponeurotic arches) and lumbar vertebrae
Function: alters pressure in thoracic cavity during respiration, separates thoracic from abdominal cavities
Innervation: C3,4&5, and peripheral parts by intercostal (T5-11) and subcostal (T12) nerves

BMS100 (8 decks)

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