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drg1004 > Week 6 - Hips & Pelvis > Flashcards

Week 6 - Hips & Pelvis Flashcards

1
Q

what is osteonecrosis AKA

A

avascular necrosis

Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease in children

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2
Q

what is the common site of osteonecrosis

A

femoral head

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3
Q

what is DDH

A

developmental dysplasia of hips

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4
Q

what is DDH common problem among

A

newborns

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5
Q

what is DDH characterized by

A

varying degree of hip instability in developing hip joint

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6
Q

when is DDH diagnosed

A

before 6 months

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7
Q

how is DDH corrected

A

Pavlik harness maintains hips in flexed and abducted position

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8
Q

what is SCFE

A

Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphyses

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9
Q

when does SCFE occur in

A

Teens & Pre-teens

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10
Q

what causes Type I Salter-Harris Growth plate injury

A

repeated trauma

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11
Q

what is the cassette size for AP & lateral single hips

A

24 x 30 cm lengthwise

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12
Q

what is the kVp, SID, Focus Spot for AP & lateral single hips

A

kVp = 70 - 80
SID = 100 cm
Focus spot = Fine/Small

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13
Q

what is the cassette size for AP & lateral both hips

A

30 x 40 cm transverse

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14
Q

what is the kVp, SID, Focus Spot for AP & lateral both hips

A

kVp = 70 - 80
SID = 115 cm
Focus Spot = Fine/Small

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15
Q

what is the AEC for AP & lateral single hips

A

AP = centre chamber
Lateral = optional

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16
Q

what is the AEC for AP & lateral both hips

A

Both side chambers

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17
Q

why is feet positioning important

A

can be used to avoid foreshortening or elongation of neck of femur

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18
Q

what is the target of AP single hip

A

VCR perpendicular to IR to point 2.5 cm distal to perpendicular bisector of a line joining ASIS & Symphysis Pubis

19
Q

what is the target of AP both hips

A

VCR perpendicular to IR & along midline of patient midway between line joining ASIS & Symphysis pubis

20
Q

what is the collimation of AP hips

A

Upper = ASIS
Side = SSTM
Lower = Proximal third of femur

21
Q

what is the target of lateral single hip

A

VCR perpendicular to IR to midpoint between ASIS & Symphysis Pubis

22
Q

what is the target of lateral both hips

A

VCR perpendicular to IR to midpoint between ASIS & Symphysis Pubis

23
Q

what is the collimation of lateral hips

A

upper = ASIS
side = SSTM
lower = proximal third of femur

24
Q

what is the ideal position of AP hip

A
  • Ischial spine aligned w/ pelvic brim
  • Open obturator foramen
  • Femoral neck shown w/o foreshortening
  • Greater trochanter in profile laterally
  • Lesser trochanter superimposed by femoral neck

I Love FOG

25
Q

what is the ideal position of lateral hip

A
  • lesser trochanter shown medially
  • femoral neck superimposed by greater trochanter
26
Q

what is not seen in AP Hip if both patient’s ASIS are not equidistant to couch

A
  • Ischial spine aligned w/ pelvic brim
  • Open obturator foramen
27
Q

what is not seen in AP Hip if patient’s leg is not rotated medially

A
  • Femoral neck shown w/o foreshortening
  • Greater trochanter in profile laterally
  • Lesser trochanter superimposed by femoral neck
28
Q

what is not seen in lateral hip if there is inadequate external rotation

A
  • lesser trochanter shown medially
  • femoral neck superimposed by greater trochanter
29
Q

what is the ideal area of AP & Lateral hip

A
  • Proximal third of femoral shaft
  • Acetabulum
  • Obturator foramen
  • Part of ilium

PAPO

30
Q

what is the cassette size of AP pelvis

A

35 x 43 cm transverse

31
Q

what is the kVp, Focus Spot, SID of AP pelvis

A

kVp = 70 - 80
SID = 100 cm
Focus Spot = Fine/Small

32
Q

what is the AEC of AP pelvis

A

All chambers selected

33
Q

what is the target of AP pelvis

A

VCR perpendicular to IR, directed to midline of patient at level midway between ASIS & SP

34
Q

what is the collimation of AP pelvis

A

upper = 2.5 cm above both iliac crests
side = SSTM
lower = proximal third of femur

35
Q

what is the ideal position of AP pelvis

A
  • sacrum & coccyx aligned with symphysis pubis
  • obturator foramina is open and uniform in size & shape
  • symmetrical iliac wings
  • femoral necks w/o foreshortening
  • greater trochanter shown in profile laterally
  • lesser trochanter superimposed by femoral necks
36
Q

what is not seen in AP pelvis if patient’s ASIS are not equidistant from IR

A
  • sacrum & coccyx aligned with symphysis pubis
  • obturator foramina is open and uniform in size & shape
  • symmetrical iliac wings
37
Q

what is not seen in AP pelvis if patient’s legs are not rotated medially

A
  • femoral necks w/o foreshortening
  • greater trochanter shown in profile laterally
  • lesser trochanter superimposed by femoral necks
38
Q

what is the ideal area of AP pelvis

A
  • iliac crests
  • proximal fourth of femurs
  • SSTM
39
Q

what are the other specialized views of the pelvis

A

Inlet, outlet, Judet view

40
Q

what is DHS

A

dynamic hip screw

41
Q

what is THR

A

total hip replacement

42
Q

ASIS

A

anterior superior iliac spine

43
Q

PSIS

A

posterior superior iliac spine

44
Q

what is the positioning of single & both hips

A
  1. patient lies supine with both legs extended
  2. ensure MSP perpendicular to couch
  3. ensure ASIS equidistant from couch
  4. affected / both legs internally rotated about 15 - 20 degrees from vertical

drg1004 (12 decks)

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