Week 7/8 - Biofuels

Question 1

What are first generation biofuels and feedstocks

Answer 1

Pure plant oil and biodiesel from rape seed
Bioethanol from sugar and starch

Question 2

What are second generation biofuels and feedstocks

Answer 2

Renewable diesel, biodiesel and biomethane from residues and non food crops

Question 3

What are third generation biofuels and feedstocks

Answer 3

Free from land use, algaes and gaseous fuel from non biological origin (offshore wind)

Question 4

Why is biomethane compressed to 250 bar and H2 to 800 bar

Answer 4

As it has low energy density. And at 250 bar it is only 4 times less energy dense than diesel as opposed to 1000 times less
H2 goes to 800 bar

Question 5

Total agri land in Irland and what is arable

Answer 5

4445 kha
400kha - Arable

Question 6

Why can’t ireland chaneg from grassland to arable

Answer 6

environmental regulation.
Ploughed fields release N2O

Question 7

Criteria to be a biofuel in 2021 and 2026

Answer 7

65% co2 savings or you are not a biofuel.

Question 8

Goal for 2021 and 2026 for H2 production

Answer 8

70% renewable

Question 9

Electricity, cooling and heating for 2021 and 2026 renwable goel

Answer 9

70% and 80% less than natural gas

Question 10

RED on biofuel from food crops

Answer 10

7% anything more and you are not biofuel. Have to be mostly food. Use second generation fuels now

Question 11

RED on renewable energy in the transport sector

Answer 11

14%. Renewable energy will count 4 times its energy content when used in road transport and 1.5 times in rail.

Question 12

Linkoping TRL was mentioned before the slaughter waste faclity

Answer 12

TRL 9 65 buses, 10 waste collections and 600 cars

Question 13

What is the potential in Ireland for transport fuel from pig and cattle slaughter waste

Answer 13

2%. Gets multiplied by two for the RED thing

Question 14

Grass for biogas in ireland

Answer 14

Not taking away from the arable land
4500l petrol equivilant
91% grassland.

Question 15

To meet the RED renewable fuel requirement how much arable land needs to be used

Answer 15

Gras silage to biogas requires 4.7% of agri land and doesn’t need arable land
Rapeseed to biodiesel requires 155%
Ethanol from sugar beet 61%

Question 16

know the carbo 5 process

Answer 16

Three phase gasification
Gas treatment
Fischer tropsh and hydrocracking
Know diagram

wOODY CROP and convert to gases
Went bankrupt

Question 17

Maxifuel process and the net energy

Answer 17

Straw
Steam explosion
Fermentation with enzymes
Take out lignin solid fuel
Ferment the xylose and make biogas.
Was a circular process
Makes ethanol and methane and H2
Get 69% of the energy in the staw back as energy
5000l petrol eq/ha/a

Question 18

Thermal production of biomethane

Answer 18

Wood and is gasified
syngas is cooled and cleaned
Methanation (CO CO2 and H2 reactions to form CH4 and CO2 and H2o) and purification (Remove CO2)

Question 19

What is the GNI vision for 2050. Know the flowchart for all the assessed ways of renewable energy

Answer 19

37% biomethane in the gas grid
13% H2 in gas grid
50% C capture