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Z-Anatomy 3 > Week 7- Pregnancy > Flashcards

Week 7- Pregnancy Flashcards

1
Q

what is the gestation period amojunt

A

266 days

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2
Q

human chorionic gonadotropin [hCG] secreted by the ________________

A

syncytiotrophoblasts

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3
Q

what is the process from going to bilayer (2) to trilayer>

A

gastruation

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4
Q

the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm come from what cells?

A

epiblast

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5
Q

fertilization until infant is born

A

pregnancy=

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6
Q

-conceptus

A

= developing offspring

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7
Q

gestation period

A

gestation period= last menstural cycle to birth

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8
Q

-embryo=

A

weeks 3-8

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9
Q

-fetus=

A

9 weeks until birth

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10
Q

10 First Names

A

10 Names:

  1. Zygote
  2. Blastomere (2 cells)
    • two daughter cells produced after first cleavage
  3. Morula (16 cells)
  4. Blastocyst (100 cells)
  5. Inner Cell Mass (ICM)
  6. Bilaminar disc
    • going from bilaminar disc to trilaminar disc= gastruation
  7. Trilaminar disc
  8. Meat tube
  9. Embryo (3-8 weeks)
  10. Fetus (9 weeks-birth)
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11
Q

two daughter cells produced after first cleavage

A

Blastomere

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12
Q

Blastomere is how many cells

A

2

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13
Q

Morula is how many cells?

A

16

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14
Q

going from bilaminar disc to trilaminar disc= _____________

A

gastruation

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15
Q

oocyte viable for ___ hours

A

12-24

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16
Q

sperm viable _____ hours

A

24-72

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17
Q
  • when a sperm fuses with an egg to form a zygote
A

fertilization=

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18
Q

Sperm underdoes_______ before the getting into oocyte

A

capacitation

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19
Q

final step of sperm maturing so they can fertilize the egg

A

Capacitation

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20
Q

how does capacitation of sperm happen

A

-manifested by altered mitochondrial organization in the tail, increased motility, acrosome reaction

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21
Q

event making spermatozoa able of penetrating the zona and capable of fusing with the egg plasma membrane

A

Acrosomal reaction

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22
Q

during the acrosomal reaction -sperm binds to _____________

A

zona pellucide

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23
Q

acrosomes release their enzymes to digest the __________

A

zona pellucid

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24
Q

once sperm penetrates the ooycye

A
  • beta proteins binds to receptors on oocyte membrane

- alpha protein inserts into membrane

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25
Q

____proteins binds to receptors on oocyte membrane

A

beat

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26
Q

____ protein inserts into membrane

A

alpha

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27
Q

how does the oocyte prevent polyspermy

A
  1. fast block= membrane depolarization stops sperm from fusing to oocyte
  2. Slow block (zonal inhibiting proteins ZIPs)= destroy sperm receptors and cause sperms already bound to detach
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28
Q

what is a swollen nucleus called

A

pro nuclei

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29
Q

when pronuclei come together

A

-fertlization=

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30
Q

fluid filled hollow sphere

A

-blastocyst=

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31
Q

what are the 2 parts of a blastocyst

A
  1. Singler layer of trophoblasts (trophoblast turn into placatena)
    1. Inner cell mass (ICM becomes embryonic disk)
32
Q

Implantation happens _ days after ovulation

A

7

33
Q

-by____month placenta is giving estrogen and progesterone and nutrients and removing waste

A

3rd

34
Q

placenta is formed from:

A
  1. Embryonic trophoblastic tissue

2. Maternal endometrial tissue

35
Q

part of the endometrium that lies between the chorionic villi and the stratum basalis

A

decidua basalis –

36
Q

Ensures energy supply to fetus by modifying metabolism

A

Human placenta lactose

37
Q

Placenta derived hormone; equivalent to thyroid hormone increases metabolism

A

Human chorionic thyrotropin

38
Q

Peptide hormone produced during 1st trimester

A

relaxin

39
Q

what are the hazards during preganncy

A 
T- toxoplasmosis (cats)
O- other infections (Coxsackievirus, Syphilis, Varicella-Zoster Virus, HIV, and Parvovirus B19)
R- Rubella (MMR vaccine)
C- cytomegalovirus
H- herpers 2
40
Q

___________ ——-> upper epiblast and lower hypoblast (aka bilaminar disk)

A

Inner cell mass

41
Q

what are the 4 embryonic membranes

A
  1. Amnion
  2. Yolk sac
  3. Allantois
  4. Chorion
42
Q

what embryonic membrane:
Epiblast cells
Filled with amniotic fluid that protects the embryo
Maintains temperature
Fluid comes from maternal blood and fetal urine

A

Amnion

43
Q 
Which embryonic membrane:
Hypoblast cells
Ventral surface of embryo
Forms digestive tube
Produce blood cells and vessel
Primordial germ cells
A

yolk sac

44
Q

what embryonic membrane
Base of umbilical cord
Becomes bladder

A

Allantois

45
Q

which embryonic membrane
Forms placenta
Body stalk
Surrounds amniotic fluid

A

Chorion

46
Q

primary germ layers =

A
  1. ectoderm
  2. mesoderm
  3. endoderm
47
Q

_________ becomes nervous system and skin

A

ectoderm

48
Q

________ becomes organs; epithelial linings of digestive, respiratory, and urogenital

A

-endoderm

49
Q

__________ becomes everything else

A

-mesoderm

50
Q

-Organogenesis happens by the ____ week

A

8th

51
Q

the first event of organogenesis gives rise to the brain and spinal cord

A

neurulation=

52
Q

3 parts of mesoderm

A
  1. Somties
  2. Intermediate mesoderm
  3. double sheet of Lateral plate mesoderm
53
Q

which subpart of the mesoderm
Produce the vertabrae and robes
Form dermis
Form skeletal muscles

A

somite

54
Q

which subpart of the mesoderm Forms glands and kidneys

A

intermediate mesoderm

55
Q

which subpart of the mesoderm Forms dermis of skin

Bones, ligaments

A

somatic mesoderm

56
Q

which subpart of the mesoderm
Heart and blood vessels
Most connective tissue of body

A

Sphlanchinc mesoderm

57
Q

vagina develops purple hue

A

Chadwich’s sign

58
Q

______ causes pelvic ligaments and pubic symphysis to relax

A

relaxin

59
Q

does blood volume increase or decrease in pregnancy?

A

-blood volume increase 25-40%

60
Q

does cardiac output/basal HR increase or decrease in pregnancy?

A

-cardiac output and basal heart rate increases

61
Q

plasma volume increases with pregnancy?

A

yes

62
Q

does erythrocytes increase or decrease in pregnancy?

A

-erythrocytes increase

63
Q

-plasma protein concentrations dramiactilly increase/decrease during pregnancy

A

DECRESES DRAMTICALLY

64
Q

in pregnancy is there an increase or decrease in tidal volume

A

increase

65
Q

Preclampsia

A
  • pregnancy induced hypertension+ proteinuria
  • can progress to eclampsia
    • develop seizures
    • can lead to coma
66
Q

false contraction (2nd and 3rd trimester

A

-brackton hick=

67
Q

-cervix fully dilated= ___cm

A

10

68
Q

_____________= shortening and thinning of the cervix before/during labor

A

-cervical effacement

69
Q

what does the -APGAR score look at

A
  • 8-10 = healthy baby

- skin color, pulse, grimace, activity, respiration

70
Q

__________ tells respiratory center for baby to take first breath (inspiration)

A

central acidosis

71
Q

-gravida

A

= number of times a woman has been pregnant

72
Q

-parity

A

= number of times woman has given birth

73
Q

__________ releases prolactin

A

-Anterior pituitary

74
Q

-colostrum

A
  • vitamin A, protein, mineral, and IgA antibodies

- released first 2-3 days

75
Q

baby’s first stool (sterile)

A

-meconium=

Z-Anatomy 3 (10 decks)

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