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IRT301 Test II > WEEK 8 > Flashcards

WEEK 8 Flashcards

1
Q

What does the Consultant Team consist of?

A

Client, general contractor & sub-trades, architect, interior designer, structural engineer, electrical engineer, mechanical engineer, etc.

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2
Q

Engineer

A

A professional skilled in the design, development, and construction of physical works. To practice or hold oneself out to the public as an engineer, the individual must be licensed under provincial or territorial legislation.

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3
Q

What are the different types of engineers?

A

Structural engineers, mechanical engineers, electrical engineers, acoustic engineers

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4
Q

Consultant

A

one from whom advice or expertise is sought, the requirements for licensing vary depending on the professional field of activity

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5
Q

Examples of Consultants

A

interior designers, architects, structural engineers, mechanical engineers, electrical engineers, acoustic engineers, landscape architects, building code consultant, lighting design, elevator/escalator, cost consultant, hardware consultant, specification writer, way-finding/environmental graphics

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6
Q

Prime Consultant

A

the consultant that is retained directly by the client for the provision of the main part of professional services; these services usually include management and coordination of sub-consultants and other consultants engaged directly by the client or others.

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7
Q

Sub-Consultant

A

The consultant that is retained by (or under contract to) the prime consultant

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8
Q

Why do we need to understand structural components?

A

Structural components are required to provide a safe environment for the occupants of the building

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9
Q

Tension

A

apply a force to (something) which tends to stretch it

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10
Q

Compression

A

application of balanced inward (“pushing”) forces to different points on a material or structure, that is, forces with no net sum or torque directed so as to reduce its size in one or more directions

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11
Q

Force

A

an influence tending to change the motion of a body or produce motion or stress in a stationary body. The magnitude of such an influence is often calculated by multiplying the mass of the body by its acceleration.

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12
Q

Span

A

an arch or part of a bridge between piers or supports

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13
Q

load

A

the amount of power supplied by a source; the resistance of moving parts to be overcome by a motor.

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14
Q

dead load

A

the intrinsic weight of a structure or vehicle, excluding the weight of passengers or goods.

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15
Q

live load

A

the weight of people or goods in a building or vehicle.

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16
Q

Torsion

A

the action of twisting or the state of being twisted, especially of one end of an object relative to the other

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17
Q

Shear

A

a strain in the structure of a substance produced by pressure, when its layers are laterally shifted in relation to each other

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18
Q

Cantilever

A

a long projecting beam or girder fixed at only one end, used in bridge construction

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19
Q

Beams

A

a long, sturdy piece of squared timber or metal spanning an opening or part of a building, usually to support the roof or floor above.

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20
Q

Columns

A

an upright pillar, typically cylindrical and made of stone or concrete, supporting an entablature, arch, or other structure or standing alone as a monument.

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21
Q

The Structural Engineer

A
  • prepares design documentation for construction
  • coordinates with the word of the Interior Designer, Architect and other consultants
  • uses a variety of parts of the Ontario Building Code including: Part 3, 4 and 5
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22
Q

Structural Areas for Consideration for Interiors

A
  • Floor openings: elevator/escalator location and internal staircase
  • Edge Conditions: balcony, mezzanime, guardrail/handrail design and connections
  • free standing walls
  • headers or lintels
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23
Q

Lintel (ex. Steel)

A

horizontal support of timber, stone, concrete, or steel across the top of a door or window

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24
Q

Structural Protection

A
  • steel beams and columns often need protection (verify building code) from fire exposure to prevent them from failing
  • spray-applied fire protective coatings will offer a fire resistance rating to the structural steel
  • steel beams and columns often need protection (verify building code) from fire exposure to prevent them from failing
  • Gypsum wallboard enclosures can offer varying levels of fire resistance ratings depending on how many layers are used
  • Intumescent paint can offer varying levels of fire resistance ratings depending on what type of paint is used
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25
Q

Why do we need mechanical systems?

A

Mechanical systems are require to provide a safe and comfortable environment for the occupants of the building

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26
Q

The Mechanical Consultant

A
  • prepares design documentation for construction
  • coordinates with the work of the Interior Designer, Architect and other consultants
  • uses a variety of parts of the Ontario Building Code including: Part 3,5,6,7,8
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27
Q

The Interior Designer

A
  • coordinates the location of Mechanical and Electrical elements and ensures that the work of the mechanical and electrical engineers is consistent with the interior design intentions
  • is aware of clearances and obstructions
  • locates and ceiling mounted electrical or mechanical devises on the reflected ceiling plan
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28
Q

Mechanical Systems

A

Fire Suppression, Plumbing and Drainage, HVAC, Piping and Controls

29
Q

What does HVAC stand for?

A

Heat, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning

30
Q

Fire Suppression

A
  • Suppression/control fire danger for a limited time - not intended to extinguish
  • suppression only - one part of a complete fire protection system
31
Q

Fire Suppression System Components

A

Piping and sprinklers, fire hose cabinets

32
Q

How are Sprinkler heads activated?

A

heat

33
Q

What are the different types of sprinkler heads?

A

Flush pendent, flush concealed pendant, dome concealed pendant, glass bulb pendant, glass bulb sidewall and dome sidewall

34
Q

Sprinkler Spacing

A
  • exact sprinkler types and locations are determined by building codes, but layout generally can be similar to diagrams
  • heads are needed in every room
35
Q

Plumbing and Drainage

A
  • hot and cold water
  • sanitary drainage
  • strom drainage
  • drinking, sanitation and cooking
36
Q

Plumbing and Drainage Systems Components

A

Piping (plumbing drawing, drainage drawing, drainage photo), Fixtures (Lavatories, Water Closet, Urinals, Showers, Drinking Fountains, Sinks, Vending machines) and Equipment (hot water heaters, recirculation pumps, supplies, valves, controls and carriers)

37
Q

Types of Faucets

A

3-Hole Manual (8” o.c. or 4” o.c.), Touchless, Single Hole, Wall Mounted

38
Q

Types of Lavatories

A

Drop-in, Wall Mount, Countertop vessel (or basin), Undermount and Pedestal

39
Q

Types of Water Closets

A

Tank-type, Floor-mount, back-outlet, valve-type

40
Q

Potable Water

A

drinking water, also known as potable water, is water that is safe to drink or to use for food preparation

41
Q

Grey water

A

all wastewater generated in households of office buildings from streams without fecal contamination, i.e. all streams except for the wastewater from toilets.

42
Q

Sources of greywater

A

sinks, showers, baths, clothes washing machines or dish washers

43
Q

Greywater contains fewer ________ pathogens than _________wastewater, _________.

A

pathogens; domestic; it is generally safer to handle and easier to treat and reuse onsite for toilet flushing, landscape or crop irrigation, and other non-potable use

44
Q

Black Water

A

Sometimes called soil water, is used to describe wastewater from toilets, which likely contains pathogens. Blackwater can contain feces, urine, water and toilet paper form flush toilets

45
Q

Blackwater is distinguished form greywater, which comes from household use other than ________.

A

toilets

46
Q

How is greywater created?

A

From washing food, clothing, dishes, as well as from showering or bathing

47
Q

HVAC is required to:

A
  • maintain temperature within acceptable limits
  • maintain humidity within acceptable limits
  • maintain airborne contaminants within acceptable limits
  • control smoke movement (high buildings)
48
Q

HVAC Fundamentals (Heating and Cooling)

A
  • Loads are either internal or external

- Humidity

49
Q

HVAC (Internal Loads)

A
  • lights, people, equipment
  • vary with occupancy
  • affect the entire floor
50
Q

HVAC (external loads)

A
  • solar
  • envelope
  • infiltration
  • vary with time or day, cloud cover, outdoor temperature
  • affect the perimeter only (perimeter area is about 12’ - 15’ or 3.6 m to 4.6 m from the exterior wall)
51
Q

Less than 15% Humidity

A
  • Too dry
  • may get zapped by doorknobs and light switches
  • a humidifier will help increase humidity
52
Q

Greater than 50% Humidity

A
  • too humid
  • may notice hair getting more frizzier than usual
  • air conditioning will help lower humidity
53
Q

HVAC Fundamentals (Design Criteria)

A
  • core areas and computer rooms require cooling all year
  • perimeter areas may require both heating and cooling on the same day
  • design goal: 80% Satisfaction
54
Q

What is the ideal HVAC temperature for winter?

A

22 degrees Celsius

55
Q

What is the ideal HVAC temperature for summer?

A

24 degrees Celsius

56
Q

HVAC Systems

A
  • Air Systems work together
  • Perimeter Systems
  • Sources of heat and “cold”
  • Noise control
  • Other systems
57
Q

What the components in Air Systems?

A

Supply (and Return), Exhaust, Ventilation, Ductwork and Distribution

58
Q

HVAC Systems (Supply)

A
  • Addresses thermal and dehumidification loads on the floor

- System Components

59
Q

What are the HVAC System Component?

A

Air handler with cooling coil only, supply ductwork, thermal units, diffusers, return ductwork

60
Q

HVAC Systems: Ventilation and Supply (High Rise)

A
  • separate equipment handles ventilation, supply and exhaust
  • pressurization for firefighting
  • stack effect
  • system components
61
Q

HVAC Systems: Ventilation and Supply (Lower Buildings)

A
  • one unit handles supply and ventilation.
  • Separate equipment handles exhaust
  • no dedicated floor supply unit
62
Q

What is ductwork used for?

A

Convey conditioned air to the Diffuser

63
Q

How is cooling to a space controlled?

A

Cooling to a space is controlled by varying the air volume using a thermal unit

64
Q

How is heat provided through the ductwork and distribution systems?

A

Heating is provided by a reheat coil on the thermal unit or by the perimeter heating/cooling system

65
Q

Ductwork and Distribtution systems also include _____.

A

Insulation

66
Q

Types of Ceiling-Mounted Air Diffusers:

A

Standard square, architectural, round, linear slot diffuser, nozzle and round+flush

67
Q

Return Air (Grille)

A

Where all the CO2 or exhaust air then goes through the exhaust pipes

68
Q

HVAC vs. Interior Design

A
  • Core space allocation for shafts
  • ceiling space for ductwork
  • noise levels/control (locations of furniture, especially at the perimeter)
  • Location of training rooms (location of full height walls)
  • Equipment space requirements
  • Location and types of diffusers and the Reflected Ceiling Plan (RCP)
69
Q

Controls

A
  • Controls systems operate the mechanical systems to meet the operational and code requirements
  • automatic controls are necessary to meet the requirements of ASHRAE 90.1 and LEED standards
  • few interfaces between the control systems and the Interior Designer; Primarily small control placement (thermostat, occupancy sensors, etc.)

IRT301 Test II (3 decks)

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