Week One

Question 1

What body systems have a function in speech production?

Answer 1

-Circulatory system
-Digestive system
-Muscular system
-Nervous system
-Respiratory system
-Skeletal System

Question 2

What is the circulatory system’s function in speech production?

Answer 2

Provides blood supply to the brain and other parts of the speech mechanism

Question 3

What is the function of the digestive system in speech production?

Answer 3

Mediates articulation and resonance of the vocal tone

Question 4

What function does the muscular system play in speech production?

Answer 4

Movement for speech production

Question 5

What role does the nervous system play in the production of speech?

Answer 5

Innervation of muscles and mucosa associated with speech

Question 6

What role does the respiratory system have in the production of speech?

Answer 6

Power source for speech production (breath)

Question 7

What role does the skeletal system play in speech production?

Answer 7

Framework for the speech production mechanism

Question 8

What are the fibre types of the cranial nerves?

Answer 8

There are two types:
- sensory / afferent
-motor / efferent

Question 9

What are the cranial nerves involved in speech, swallowing and hearing?

Answer 9

I - Olfactory
II - Optic
V - Trigeminal
VII - Facial
VIII - Auditory Vestibular
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - Vagus
XI - Spinal Accessory
XII - Hypoglossal

Question 10

What is the pneumonic for remembering all 12 cranial nerves?

Answer 10

On Old Olympus’ Towering Top, a Fin And German Viewed Some Hops

Question 11

What is the pneumonic for remembering the cranial nerve functions?

Answer 11

Some Say Marry Money, But My Brother Says Big Boobs Matter More

Question 12

What is the difference between efferent and afferent cranial nerves?

Answer 12

Afferent neurons carry SENSORY information IN to the brain from the periphery
Efferent neurons carry MOTOR information AWAY from the brain into the periphery

Afferent = Arrives, Efferent = Exits

Question 13

Describe the characteristics of each of the cranial nerves involved in speech, hearing and swallowing.

Question 14

How does cranial nerve I (Olfactory nerve) play a role in speech, swallowing and hearing?

Answer 14

-Carries information for the sense of smell
-The olfactory nerve is important for pre-ingestive preparation when eating

Question 15

How is cranial nerve II (Optic nerve) involved in speech, swallowing and hearing?

Answer 15

-Provides visual information
-important for pre-ingestive preparation for eating

Question 16

What roll does cranial nerve V (trigeminal nerve) play in speech, swallowing and hearing?

Answer 16

-Largest cranial nerve
-motor control of the muscles of mastication and sensory information from the face and mouth (not taste)
-Divided into three branches
*opthalmic (sensory)
*Maxillary (sensory)
*mandibular (sensory and motor)

Question 17

How does cranial nerve VII (facial nerve) impact speech, swallowing and hearing?

Answer 17

-TASTE , FACIAL EXPRESSION and SALIVARY GLANDS

-sensory: taste sensation for anterior (front) 2/3 of the tongue
: sensory to the soft palate and upper pharyngeal wall

-Motor: facial muscles for facial expression
: 2 out of 3 salivary glands

Question 18

How does cranial nerve VIII (Auditory vestibular nerve) impact speech, swallowing and hearing?

Answer 18

AKA vestibularcochlear nerve or acoustic nerve.

There are two divisions of auditory vestibular nerve: Vestibular nerve and the cochlear nerve

Vestibular nerve = transmits equilibrium (balance) from the vestibular system (semi circular canals) to the brain.

Cochlear nerve = Transmits information on the perception of sound from the cochlear to the brain.

Question 19

What role does cranial nerve IX (glossopharyngeal nerve) have on speech, swallowing and hearing?

Answer 19

Important for swallowing for taste and sensation of the back of the tongue, important muscle (stylopharyngeus) and saliva

Sensory: touch, pain, temperature and taste of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue
: upper pharynx
: external ear and ear drum

Motor: stylopharyngeus muscle
: parotid gland (two salivary glands)

Question 20

What role does cranial nerve X (vagus nerve) have in speech, swallowing and hearing?

Answer 20

Vagus nerve has many branches
Important for SLP: Auricular nerve (ear)
: Superior laryngeal nerve (larynx)
: Recurrent laryngeal nerve (larynx)
: pharyngeal nerve (pharynx)

-mediates hunger, respiration, digestion
-close relationship between IX and X for pharynx (pharyngeal plexus)

Motor: intrinsic and extrinsic laryngeal muscles

Sensory: larynx
: cough

Question 21

What role does cranial nerve XI have in speech, swallowing and hearing?

Answer 21

Joins with the vagus nerve (X) and so is considered an accessory nerve

Motor to 2 neck muscles: sternocleidomastoid
: Trapezius

Question 22

What role does cranial nerve XII (hypoglossal nerve) play in the role of speech, swallowing and hearing?

Answer 22

Supplies all intrinsic tongue muscles
Supplies all extrinsic tongue muscles, except for 1 (palatoglossus which is supplied by the pharyngeal plexus).

Question 23

What is the muscle Innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)

Answer 23

Stylopharyngeus muscle