Week Two - Innate Immunity

Question 1

What are the second lines of defence within the innate immunity?

Answer 1

Phagocytes - macrophages, monocytes and neutrophils

Chemicals

Question 2

What is the function of a macrophage

Answer 2

They are present in all organs, ingest and destroy, present antigens, produce cytokines and chemokines

Question 3

Function of monocytes?

Answer 3

Present in blood and are recruited at infection site and differentiate into macrophages.

Question 4

Function of neutrophils?

Answer 4

Increased during infction, recruited by chemokines, ingest and destroy bacteria

Question 5

Function of basophils?

Answer 5

Early actors of inflammation and allergic responses

Question 6

Function of eosinophils?

Answer 6

Defence against multi-cellular parasites - worms

Question 7

What are the first lines of defence within the innate immunity? (4 - broad)

Answer 7

Physical barriers - skin, mucous, bronchial
Physiological barriers -diarrhoea, vomiting, coughing, sneezing
Chemical barriers - low ph of skin, stomach, vagina. antimicrobial molecules like IgA in tears, saliva. Lysozyme, mucus, gastric acid.
Biological barriers -normal flora - out compete the pathogens for attachment and resources