WEEKLY QUESTIONS 9-12

Question 1

How has Canada’s approach to health changed over the last 4 decades and where does Canada sit in terms of leadership

Answer 1

Over the past 4 decades, the approach to health taken in Canada has changed from a biomedical approach to a population health promotion model. Canada has received recognition as a leader in the health promotion movement globally

Question 2

3. When did the WHO definition of health change in terms of expanding its definition and what is the Ottawa Charter definition of health today (WHO 1986)?

Answer 2

who: to reach a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing an individual or group must be able to identify and to realize aspirations, to satisfy needs, and to change or cope with the environment

Question 3

Injury Prevention

Answer 3

Refers to the use of strategies to help patients prevent and reduce the risk of injury

Question 4

Disease

Answer 4

Refers to the presence of abnormal alterations in the structure or functioning of the human body that fit within the medical model

Question 5

Illness

Answer 5

An individual’s personal experience of, perception of, and reaction to a disease whereby he or she is unable to function at the desired “usual level”

Question 6

Illness trajectory

Answer 6

A course of time here uncertainty about the disease requires the affected to adjust to associated changes

Question 7

Disease prevention

Answer 7

Refers to the activities undertaken by the health sector to prevent the occurrence of disease, to detect and stop disease development and to reduce the negative effects once the disease has established itself

Question 8

Health protection

Answer 8

focuses on health maintenance by dealing with the immediate health risks

Question 9

Healthy public policy

Answer 9

incorporates the definition of public policy incorporates the definition of policy, but also includes policy developed with the intent of having a positive effect on or promoting health

Question 10

Risk avoidance

Answer 10

A disease prevention strategy used to avoid health problems and to remain at a low risk level

Question 11

risk reduction

Answer 11

i. Risk reduction: a disease prevention strategy used to reduce or alter the health concerns so that any disease is detected and treated early to prevent moving to a high risk level

Question 12

Health enhancement

Answer 12

a health promotion strategy that is used to increase health and resiliency to promote optimal health and wellbeing

Question 13

Resiliency

Answer 13

the capacity of patients to cope effectively when faced with considerable adversity or risk

Question 14

Risk factors

Answer 14

variables that create stress and therefore challenge the patient’s health status

Question 15

Protective factors

Answer 15

variables that assist in managing the stressors associated with being at risk

Question 16

What are the five health promotion strategies identified by the Ottawa Charter

Answer 16

1. Build healthy public policy
2. Create supportive environments
3. Strengthen community action
4. Develops personal skills
5. Reorient health services

Question 17

What is the text definition of vulnerable populations and give some other terms that are also used to describe this population.

Answer 17

Groups and communities who are at a higher risk for poor health as a result of the barriers they experience to social, economic, political, and environmental resources
Other terms: equity seeking, marginalized, high priority

Question 18

Health disparities

Answer 18

Wide variations in health services and health status among certain populations defined by special characteristics

Question 19

Health inequities

Answer 19

the unfair and avoidable differences in health status seen within and between people and countries