Weight Loss Flashcards

1
Q

What’s the result of a 500 kcal decrease per day?

A

1 pound weight lost per week (3,500 kcal/ pound)

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2
Q

What’s the amt of regular physical activity req to lose weight?

A

200-300 min/wk

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3
Q

When’s Bariatric surgery recommended?

A

Adults with BMI >= 40

Or

BMI >= 35 + an obesity-related comorbid condition

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4
Q

List OTC weight loss drugs?

A

Fastin

Caffeine- containing pdts

Alli

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5
Q

In what grp of pt is rx weight loss pdts not recommended?

A

Those with small weight to lose

Those who are not obese or overweight with at least 1 weight-related co-morbidity e.g. DM, HTN

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6
Q

Howz rx weight loss pdts used?

A

In addition to a dietary plan + increased physical activity, per FDA

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7
Q

What’s the “7-yr rule” of new meds?

A

Don’t recommended new agents until they have been out for awhile and used in millions – not including ur pts, friends and family– in order to get a more complete understanding of ADRs

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8
Q

MOA of Phentermine?

A

Sympathomimetic, with effects similar to amphetamines, causing increase in NE

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9
Q

Moa of Topiramate?

A

Effects due to decreased appetite and safety, possibly by enhancing GABA, blocking glutamate receptors and/or weak inhibition of carbonic Anhydrase

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10
Q

Brand name of Phentermine + Topiramate ext-release capsule?

A

Qsymia

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11
Q

SEs of Qsymia?

A

Dizziness

HA

Cognitive impairment

Constipation

Dry mouth

Insomnia

Paresthesias

Reduced serum bicarbonate

Upper respiratory tract inf

Pharyngitis

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12
Q

Agents under Serotonin 5-HT2c receptor agonist?

A

Lorcaserin (Belviq)

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13
Q

List short-term appetite suppressants

A

Phentermine (Adipex-P, Suprenza-ODT)

Diethylpropion (Tenuate)

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14
Q

Long-term lipase inhibitor agent?

A

Orlistat (Xenical) Rx

Orlistate (Alli) OTC

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15
Q

How should both formulations be used?

A

Low-fat diet

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16
Q

What should be taken with Orlistat?

A

MTVE A, D, E,K & Beta carotene at bedtime

Or

Separate by 2+ hrs

17
Q

What’s 1 of the most common problem of Bariatric surgery?

A

Calcium deficiency

Calcium citrate is preferred (cuz of non-acid dependent absorption)

18
Q

What causes anemia post-Bariatric surgery?

A

Vit. B12 + Iron deficiency.

Both req supplementation

19
Q

Should iron and Ca be taken together?

A

No!

They should be separated

20
Q

Why may some req lifelong supplementation of fat-soluble vits A, D, E, K?

A

Due to fat malabsorption

21
Q

How do u take meds up to 2-months post-surgery?

A

Meds should be Crushed or in liquid or transdermal form for up to 2-months post-surgery

22
Q

Why do post-Bariatric surgery req Ursodiol (Actigall, Urso 250, Urso Forte)?

A

Due to risk of gallstone formation due to rapid weight loss

These drugs dissolve gallstones

23
Q

Which drugs should be avoided post-Bariatric surgery? Why?

A

NSAIDs + Bisphosphonates

They are GI irritants

24
Q

What’s dumping syndrome?

A

Rapid gastric emptying, which occurs when in digested food moves rapidly into the small intestines

25
Q

Common sx of dumping syndrome?

A

Abdominal cramps

Nausea

Diarrhea

26
Q

Methods to avoid dumping syndrome?

A

Eat smaller meals

Use fluids btw meals only

Reduce carbs

Increase fiber

Avoid alcohol + acidic food

Don’t lie down after eating

27
Q

What rx drugs are used for dumping?

A

Acarbose (Precose)

Octreotide (Sandostatin)

28
Q

What weight loss produces clinically meaningful health benefits?

A

Wt loss of 3-5%