western front

Question 1

what were the 4 significant battles on the western front

Answer 1

ypres
somme
arras
cambrai

Question 2

when was the battle of ypres

Answer 2

1915

Question 3

what was significant about ypres

Answer 3

used poison gas for the first time

Question 4

when was the battle of the somme

Answer 4

1916

Question 5

what was significant about the battle of the somme

Answer 5

highest casualties
20,000 died on first day

Question 6

what was significant about the battle of arras

Answer 6

created an underground network of tunnels

Question 7

when was the battle of cambrai

Answer 7

1917

Question 8

what was significant about the battle of cambrai

Answer 8

used tanks in large numbers

Question 9

how much of their time did soldiers spend on the front line

Answer 9

15%

Question 10

how much of their time did soldiers spend away from the trenches

Answer 10

45%

Question 11

what were the conditions like in the trenches

Answer 11

full of dirt and vermin
disease was common

Question 12

how was trench fever spread

Answer 12

lice

Question 13

how much of the british army suffered from trench fever in 1917-18

Answer 13

15%

Question 14

what led to trench foot

Answer 14

damp conditions

Question 15

how many men did they lose to trench foot by jan 1915

Answer 15

1/6

Question 16

how many cases of shell shock were there

Answer 16

80,000 overall

Question 17

what did improved weaponry lead to

Answer 17

worsened injuries

Question 18

when was poison gas first used

Answer 18

1915

Question 19

how effective was poison gas

Answer 19

difficult to use effectively

Question 20

how many casualties did poison gas cause

Answer 20

5%

Question 21

what was the evacuation route

Answer 21

stretcher bearer
regimental aid post
field ambulance station
casualty clearing station
base hospitals

Question 22

what was the RAMC

Answer 22

royal army medical corps
male doctors, ambulance drivers and stretcher bearers

Question 23

how many people were in the ramc in 1914 and 1918

Answer 23

1914- 9000
1918 - 113,000

Question 24

what was FANY

Answer 24

first aid nursing yeomanry

Question 25

what did FANY do

Answer 25

move wounded soldiers between the chain of evacuation
They ran ambulance bus services called ‘convoys’ transporting people back to boats or trains which could get seriously injured soldiers away from the battlefield.

Question 26

what were the developments in aseptic surgery before 1914

Answer 26

from 1891
gowns, gloves, sterilised instruments

Question 27

who developed the x ray and when

Answer 27

rontgen
1895

Question 28

who identified blood groups and when

Answer 28

1900
landsteiner

Question 29

what improvements were there to infections

Answer 29

carrel- dakin method:
removing debris from the wound and debriding the necrotic tissue
reduced risk of infection post surgery

Question 30

when did most casualty clearing stations contain mobile x ray machines?

Answer 30

by 1916

Question 31

why did plastic surgery develop

Answer 31

facial injuries increased
led to development of skin grafts

Question 32

when were steel helmets used and why

Answer 32

by 1916
more head injuries

Question 33

when and what did they discover could be used to store blood

Answer 33

sodium citrate
1915
prevents it clotting

Question 34

who developed a mobile blood storage system

Answer 34

geoffrey keynes

Question 35

what was the thomas splint

Answer 35

stabilised fractures in the femur

Question 36

statistic in thomas splint decrease of death rate

Answer 36

80%-20%
death rate due to broken femur