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SC120N > What Is a Plant? & Plant Architecture Part 1 > Flashcards

What Is a Plant? & Plant Architecture Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Plants that grow and reproduce without needing to eat other organisms

A

Autotrophs

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2
Q

Plants that eat plants or other organisms for the energy contained in them

A

Heterotrophs

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3
Q

Harvests light energy and fixes carbon dioxide during photosynthesis

A

Chloroplast

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4
Q

Made of cellulose, creates the cell’s rigid structure

A

Cell walls

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5
Q

Storage location for the cell, also helps maintain turgor pressure on the cell wall

A

Large vacuoles

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6
Q

Tissue consisting of actively dividing cells that contribute to the growth and lengthening of the root/stem

A

Apical meristem

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7
Q

The growth and lengthening of the root/stem; promoted by auxin (plant hormone)

A

Primary root growth

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8
Q

Consists of the root cap and the apical meristem

A

Zone of cell division

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9
Q

Where the elongation of cells takes place

A

Zone of elongation

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10
Q

Where the specialization of cells into various tissues for different plant functions takes place

A

Zone of maturation

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11
Q

Transports fluids and nutrients inside the plant with xylem and phloem

A

Vascular tissue

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12
Q

The thickening of roots and stems as opposed to lengthening

A

Secondary root growth

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13
Q

Vascular tissue that is critical for water movement upward through the plant

A

Xylem

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14
Q

One of the main conducting cells for water movement in plants; long, narrow cells

A

Tracheids

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15
Q

One of the main conducting cells for water movement in plants; wide, short cells

A

Vessel elements

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16
Q

Carries nutrients like sucrose through sieve-tube elements to parts of the plant that need energy

A

Phloem

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17
Q

Lack nuclei and other organelles and rely on companion cells for their energy needs

A

Sieve-tube elements`

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18
Q

Where buds and leaves are located

A

Nodes

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19
Q

Spaces between nodes

A

Internodes

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20
Q

Located in between stem and leaf petioles; results in lateral growth

A

Axillary bud meristem

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21
Q

Horizontal modified stems, serves as storage organs for plants (ex: irises, ginger)

A

Rhizomes

22
Q

Type of modified stems that serves as storage organs for plants (ex: onions, tulips)

A

Bulbs

23
Q

Type of modified stems that serves as storage organs for plants (ex: potatoes)

A

Tubers

24
Q

Horizontal modified stems that are above ground (ex: strawberry plants, thorns on roses)

A

Stolons

25
Q

A type of horizontal modified stem that is above ground; found on roses and cacti

A

Thorns

26
Q

Tiny pores on plant leaves that are used for gas exchange

A

Stomata

27
Q

One leaf per petiole

A

Simple

28
Q

Multiple leaflets on a petiole

A

Compound

29
Q

Type of edge/leaf margin that has an irregular ear-lobe pattern

A

Lobed

30
Q

Type of edge/leaf margin that is jagged and tooth-like

A

Toothed/serrated

31
Q

Type of edge/leaf margin that is regular and smooth

A

Smooth/entire

32
Q

Compound leaves that look like the palm of a hand (ex: marijuana leaf)

A

Palmate

33
Q

Compound leaves that have leaflets on either side of the petiole, either opposite or alternating with one another

A

Pinnate

34
Q

Leaves directly across from each other

A

Opposite

35
Q

Leaves not directly across from each other

A

Alternate

36
Q

Compound leaves that have three leaves arranged on a petiole (ex: three leaf clover)

A

Trifoliate

37
Q

Leaflets in opposite pairs

A

Bipinnate

38
Q

Fertilization that occurs between different plants

A

Outcrossing

39
Q

Fertilization that occurs on the same plant

A

Self-fertilization

40
Q

Green leaf-like structure that encloses the flower when at bud stage

A

Sepal

41
Q

Thin, soft, colored tissues that expand when bud opening occurs

A

Petals

42
Q

Female parts of the plant including the stigma, style, and ovary

A

Carpels

43
Q

Male parts of the plant including anthers and filaments

A

Stamens

44
Q

At the top of a carpel, above the style

A

Stigma

45
Q

In between the stigma and the ovary

A

Style

46
Q

Below the style; contains ovules

A

Ovary

47
Q

“Eggs” of the flower

A

Ovules

48
Q

The beginning stage of a seedling and plant within a seed

A

Embryo

49
Q

Stores food (like starches and oils) within a seed and provides energy before the plant can photosynthesize

A

Cotyledon

50
Q

Protective covering of a seed

A

Seed coat

SC120N (3 decks)

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