Why did the attempt at Constitutional monarchy fail?

Question 1

Why was the Civil Constitution of the Clergy (July 1790) so controversial?

Answer 1

It made clergymen swear an oath to the Assembly rather than God

Question 2

Why was the CCoC so bad?

Answer 2

Split France
Suspicion from peasants
Louis hesitates in signing it
Seen as an attack on the church

Question 3

What clubs were Republican in 1791?

Answer 3

Cordeliers, Jacobins

Question 4

Why did Louis attempt to flee in 1791?

Answer 4

Prisoner in the Tuileries
CCoC
Prevented from taking Mass at Easter
Wife and sister were encouraging him to take action

Question 5

What was the impact of the Flight to Varennes?

Answer 5

Louis lost popularity- royal inn signs disappeared around Paris
16th July Louis was suspended by the Assembly until the Constitution was complete
Cordelier petition for Louis’ deportation

Question 6

When was the Flight to Varennes?

Answer 6

21 June 1791

Question 7

What was the Champs de Mars massacre?

Answer 7

The Cordeliers organised a public signing of the petition on the 17 July 1791 that 50,000 people attended
They threw rocks at the National Guard who were keeping peace
The National Guard fired on them

Question 8

Consequences of Champ de Mars?

Answer 8

Consolidated split between nationalists and moderates

Question 9

Results of the 1971 elections?

Answer 9

Almost double the amount of right than left wing deputies elected
Most deputies elected were ‘The Plain’
Only 25% of active citizens voted

Question 10

What bills did the King veto in January 1972?

Answer 10

Deporting non-curing clergy

Setting up a camp for 20,000 federes in Paris

Question 11

Consequence of the war?

Answer 11

Increased tension + suspicion of counter-revolutionaries- blamed for the failures of the war

Question 12

Who did Louis dismiss in May 1792?

Answer 12

Girondin deputies

Question 13

What happened on 20 June?

Answer 13

8,000 demonstrators went to the Tuilleries to get Louis to withdraw his vetos and restore the Girondins, however after he drank to the nation they dispersed and the veto wasn’t withdrawn

Question 14

What was the ‘patrie en danger’?

Answer 14

A state of emergency that called on everyone to fight
People got armed with pikes
Passive citizens got the vote

Question 15

What was the Brunswick Manifesto?

Answer 15

A declaration from Austria and Prussia on 1 August that said if Louis was harmed vengeance would be taken on the people
This increased the belief that Louis was a traitor

Question 16

When did Robespierre make his speech advocating for a complete Republic?

Answer 16

29th July

Question 17

When was the Tuileries stormed?

Answer 17

9th August

Question 18

What happened on the 9th August

Answer 18

The Tuileries were stormed by 20,000 sans-culottes and 2,000 federes
Most of the National Guard defending joined in
The Swiss mercenaries defending were massacred after firing on the crowd
Louis was arrested and the Assembly forced to recognise the Commune

Question 19

What did Lafayette do after Louis’ arrest?

Answer 19

Tried to march on Paris to restore the Constitution but failed and defected to Austria

Question 20

What were the September Massacres?

Answer 20

Encouraged by Marat, between the 2 and 7 September 1792, 1500 prisoners were killed by Parisian sans-culottes and federes

Question 21

Effect of the Massacres?

Answer 21

Made people scared not to vote for Louis’ execution

Question 22

What was the most important factor in the King’s execution?

Answer 22

Voting becoming public as it made the Plain scared not to vote for it as they feared retribution from the s-cs