Wow is that is NEWclaic acid?! Flashcards
What is the structure of a nucleotide
A pentose sugar (because it has 5 carbon atoms)
A phosphate group
A nitrogen containing organic base - cytosine C thymine T, Uracil U, adenine A, and guanine G
What are some examples of nucleic acids
DNA and RNA
How are the components of nucleotides joined together
Condensation reactions will form a mononucleotide
When two mononucleotides join together what is the bond that will form and where will it form
Phosphodiester bond - between the deoxyribose sugar and the phosphate group of another
When a phosphodiester bond forms what is the new structure of the molecule called
Dinucleotide
When multiple dinucleotides join together what will it form
Polynucleotides
What is the make up of the polynucleotide of RNA
- The pentose sugar is always a RIBOSE
- the organic bases are adenine, guanine, cytosine and URACIL
- and a phosphate group
What is the function of RNA
transfers genetic info from DNA to the ribosomes. The ribosomes themselves are made up of proteins and another type of RNA. A third type of RNA is involved in protein synthesis
What is the structure of dna
Deoxyribose
Adenine
Guanine
Thymine
Cytosine
Phosphate group
DNA is made up of two strands of nucleotides ( polynucleotides)
What are dna strands joined together by
Hydrogen bonds
What does adenine pair with
Thymine
What does cytosine join with in dna
Guanine
Is adenine complementary to thymine
Yes
If adenine and thymine are complementary to one another what does this mean
Their quantities in dna are always the same as one another - same for cytosine and guanine
Is the ratio of A:T = C:G
No it varies from species to species
