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history > wwii - exam > Flashcards

wwii - exam Flashcards

1
Q

when did world war two start?

A

september 1, 1939

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2
Q

when did britain and france declare war on germany?

A

september 3, 1939

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3
Q

when did canada declare war on germany?

A

september 10, 1939

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4
Q

when was the phony war?

A

winter of 1939 to the spring of 1940

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5
Q

what is the phony war?

A

when all countries threatened to attack each other but no one did anything.

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6
Q

what is “kristallnacht”?

A

the night of broken glass is when the nazis went through germany and destroyed jewish buildings and their things.

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7
Q

when was “kristallnacht”?

A

november 10, 1938

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8
Q

when was the blitzkrieg?

A

may 10, 1940

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9
Q

what is the blitzkrieg?

A

a german strategy used to attack countries by sending out tanks, air force, and infantry in a rapid but coordinated succession.

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10
Q

when was the battle of britain?

A

july 10, 1940 to october 31, 1940

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11
Q

when was the attack on pearl harbor?

A

december 7, 1941

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12
Q

when was the battle of dieppe?

A

august 19, 1942

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13
Q

what was the battle of britain?

A

a mostly air battle that took place over british skies. germany bombed many british cities but britain persevered.

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14
Q

what was the attack on pearl harbor?

A

japan was taking over the pacific and bombed pearl harbor in hawaii which made the united states join the war.

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15
Q

what was the battle of dieppe?

A

when the allied powers went to the beach in dieppe to attack germany but germany was too powerful and 1400 canadians were killed or wounded and 2000 were captured by the nazis.

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16
Q

when was the battle of stalingrad?

A

november 1942

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17
Q

what was the battle of stalingrad?

A

when germany invaded the soviet union and tried to capture the city of stalingrad.

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18
Q

when was d-day?

A

june 6, 1944

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19
Q

what was d-day?

A

the battle of normandy when the allies stormed normandy beach, france and defeated the nazis.

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20
Q

when was ve day?

A

may 8, 1945

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21
Q

what was ve day?

A

the day that victory in europe was officially declared.

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22
Q

when was vj day?

A

august 15, 1945

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23
Q

what was vj day?

A

victory in japan after little boy and fat man were dropped on hiroshima and nagasaki.

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24
Q

when was hiroshima bombed?

A

august 6, 1945

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25
Q

when was nagasaki bombed?

A

august 9, 1945

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26
Q

who were britain’s allies?

A

canada, france, and later the soviet union and the united states.

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27
Q

what is appeasement?

A

making agreements or letting someone do something to avoid war and keep the peace.

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28
Q

what is the holocaust?

A

the holocaust was a mass genocide started by hitler that killed six million jews as well as other enemies of hitler.

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29
Q

what is a fascist?

A

someone who wants complete power over a community or country and uses force and intimidation to stay in power. on the far right of the political spectrum.

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30
Q

what is a homefront?

A

the country where soldiers fighting abroad came from. for example: canadians fighting abroad were sent support from the homefront.

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31
Q

what is propaganda?

A

a form of media used to convince someone to do something or believe something. for example: “join the war in europe” posters.

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32
Q

what happened to japanese canadians during world war two?

A

the government suspected them of being spies after the bombing of pearl harbor so they took away the things and businesses of the japanese canadians and sold them and then sent the japanese canadians to internment camps where they would live until the war was over.

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33
Q

what were the causes of wwii?

A

the treaty of versailles, japanese expansion, fascism, hitler and the nazi party, appeasement, and the great depression.

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34
Q

how could the treaty of versailles have caused wwii?

A

germany had to take the blame for wwi when signing the treaty of versailles. this made many germans mad as it was serbia who really caused wwi. germany wanted their land and military freedom back which is why they could have started wwii.

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35
Q

how could japanese expansion have caused wwii?

A

japan was growing rapidly but because they were an island they dind’t have access to a lot of natural resources. so, they looked to expand their country by invading other countries to get more resources. japan invaded china and manchuria. this could have caused wwii in the pacific.

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36
Q

how could fascism have caused wwii?

A

after the great depression and the war debts following wwi, some countries were taken over by dictators who wanted complete control over the people and access to more land. mussolini, for example, wanted to expand italy so he took over ethiopia. this want for more land and resources could have caused wwii.

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37
Q

how could hitler and the nazi party have caused wwii?

A

hitler took over the nazi party and they all believed that jewish people were the reason for germany’s struggles in the great depression. hitler expressed such hatred for jewish people while he believed that the aryan (white) race was the master race. he decided to take away the rights of all jewish people and then mass murder all of them. this was a big cause of wwii.

38
Q

how could appeasement have cause wwii?

A

britain and france followed a national policy called appeasemnent and let hitler invade austria and czechoslovakia to avoid conflict and war. letting hitler get away with these things could have been a cause of wwii.

39
Q

how could the great depression have caused wwii?

A

people were suffering and wanted an end to great depression. this was espeially true for germany who experienced super inflation and nobody could afford even a single loaf of bread. hitler rose to power because he had enough of it and blamed it on the jews.

40
Q

what are some technological developments in the war?

A

bigger guns, better planes, paratroopers (soldiers with parachutes), nuclear weapons, ships, submarines.

41
Q

who was a part of the axis powers?

A

italy, germany, and japan.

42
Q

when was the battle of ortona?

A

december 20, 1943 to december 28, 1943

43
Q

what was the battle of ortona?

A

canadian troops invaded italy to try to push german soldiers back to germany. house to house and street to street fighting took place but the canadians defeated the german soldiers and captured the city of ortona on december 27, 1943.

44
Q

who was the prime minister of canada during the war?

A

mackenzie king.

45
Q

who was the prime minister of britain during the war?

A

winston churchill.

46
Q

who was the leader of italy during the war?

A

benito mussolini.

47
Q

who was the leader of germany during the war?

A

adolf hitler.

48
Q

who was the leader of russia during the war?

A

joseph stalin.

49
Q

who was the president of the united states during the war?

A

teddy roosevelt but then he died and was replaced by the vice president, harry truman.

50
Q

who was the emperor of japan during the war?

A

emperor hirohito.

51
Q

good job

A

you’re doing great

52
Q

when did the war formally end?

A

september 2, 1945.

53
Q

who was joseph stalin?

A

the communist leader of the soviet union who was hitler’s ally at the beginning of the war until hitler and his troops invaded them.

54
Q

who was benito mussolini?

A

the fascist leader of italy and ally of hitler who invaded ethiopia and was then killed by his own people after italy surrendered. also hitler’s role model.

55
Q

who was douglas macarthur?

A

an american war general who was known for commanding the allies in the war in the pacific.

56
Q

who was general montgomery?

A

a british military commander who helped the allies win a battle in egypt. he also commanded the british military during d-day.

57
Q

who was dwight eisenhower?

A

an american supreme commander of the allies during the war who led them to victory on d-day.

58
Q

who was general patton?

A

an american army general who led his army across france in a successful sweep and also led the allies to victory in the battle of sicily.

59
Q

who was rosie the riveter?

A

an american cultural icon during wwii who represented female workers on the homefront and encouraged women to join the war.

60
Q

who was tokyo rose?

A

an american who participated in english radio propaganda broadcasts to allied soldiers in japan.

61
Q

who was charles de gaulle?

A

the french prime minister during the war who led the french resistance against nazi germany.

62
Q

who was elsie macgill?

A

a canadian woman who was in charge of the production of over 1500 hurricanes which were primarily used in the battle of britain.

63
Q

who was anne frank?

A

a jewish german born diarist who recorded her personal experiences of the holocaust.

64
Q

what was the manhattan project?

A

a research and development project during wwii that produced the first nuclear weapons.

65
Q

what was the marshall plan?

A

a plan made by the united states to help rebuild western europe after the war. they gave europe $13 billion in economic assistance.

66
Q

what is the nazi-soviet pact?

A

an agreement made between hitler and stalin to not attack each other even if they hated each other. this pact was broken when hitler tried to invade the soviet union.

67
Q

what was the ss st. louis?

A

a ship with jewish refugees that tried to get into canada and the united states but was denied access in both countries and had to return to germany to die. they were denied due to anti-semitism or the great depression.

68
Q

what was commonwealth air training?

A

an air training program that taught pilots of countries that used to be under british rule how to fly and fight in the air.

69
Q

what was the war measures act?

A

a law adopted by the parliament in 1914 that gave the canadian government broad powers to keep the country safe during war.

70
Q

examples of rules during the war measures act?

A

don’t drive your car on a certain day because we need to save fuel for the war. buy less of a certain food because we need to save it for the soldiers.

71
Q

what was rationing?

A

the controlled distribution of scarce resources, goods or services. for example: everybody got the same amount of bread and eggs and no one was allowed to get anymore.

72
Q

what was a corvette?

A

a small warship used during wwii.

73
Q

what was the battle of hong kong?

A

british and canadian soldiers went to hong kong (which was a british colony) to defend it from the japanese who invaded it but the japanese but ended up losing and many prisoners of war were captured there.

74
Q

how did the newly developed radar help wwii?

A

the radar was used to aim searchlights. it was put on ships to help them navigate through the night or fog, to locate enemy ships and planes, and to direct gunfire. it was put on planes to locate enemies and navigate the plane.

75
Q

what are nuremberg laws?

A

laws in germany that took away citizenship from german jews and prevented them from marrying non jewish germans.

76
Q

when was the battle of dunkirk?

A

may 28, 1940 to june 4, 1940

77
Q

what was the battle of dunkirk?

A

when allies tried to attack the germans in dunkirk, france but were overpowered so they had to evacuate. 330 000 allied troops were rescued from dunkirk.

78
Q

what was the kamikaze?

A

japanese suicide attacks on allied naval vessels near the end of the pacific war.

79
Q

what is anti semitism?

A

the extreme fear or hatred of jewish people and their beliefs.

80
Q

what is a führer?

A

the term hitler gave to himself meaning leader.

81
Q

what is mein kampf?

A

a book written by hitler in prison that expresses his hatred of jewish people and how he believes that white people are the master race.

82
Q

what is il duce?

A

the term mussolini gave to himself meaning the leader.

83
Q

what is the luftwaffe?

A

the german airforce during wwii.

84
Q

what is a panzer?

A

a german tank.

85
Q

what is a bren gun?

A

light machine guns made by britain and used in the war.

86
Q

what was the battle of the atlantic?

A

the longest battle of wwii that started when britain and france declared war on germany and ended when wwii oficially ended. it took place over the atlantic ocean and included air combat and sea combat.

87
Q

who was tommy prince?

A

the most decorated first nations war hero who spied on german forces while in italy.

88
Q

who are conscience objectors?

A

people who object the war because of religious or conscienctious beliefs. (mennonites, doukhobors)

89
Q

what are zombies?

A

soldiers enlisted by the canadian government to guard the coasts of canada. they did nothing but walk around which is why they were called zombies.

90
Q

which european countries were invaded by the blitzkrieg and occupied by the nazis?

A

denmark, norway, france, britain, the netherlands, poland.

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