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Organic Synthesis > Y13 Conversions > Flashcards

Y13 Conversions Flashcards

1
Q

Aldehyde/Ketone -> Hydroxynitrile

A

NaCN/H2SO4
Addition

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2
Q

Nitrile -> Carboxylic acid

A

Dilute or aqueous HCl/H2SO4
Hydrolysis

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3
Q

Nitrile -> Amine

A

Hydrogen/Ni catalyst
Reduction/addition

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4
Q

Aldehyde -> Primary alcohol

A

NaBH4
Reduction/addition

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5
Q

Ketone -> Secondary alcohol

A

NaBH4
Reduction/addition

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6
Q

Carboxylic acid -> Carboxylate salt

A

Metal OR Metal oxide/hydroxide OR Ammonia OR Metal carbonate
Redox (for +metal) OR Neutralisation

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7
Q

Carboxylic acid -> Acyl chloride

A

SOCl2

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8
Q

Acyl chloride -> Ester

A

Phenol OR Alcohol
Esterification/condensation

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9
Q

Acyl chloride -> Primary amide

A

Ammonia

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10
Q

Acyl chloride -> Secondary amide

A

Primary amine

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11
Q

Acid anhydride -> Ester

A

Alcohol
Esterification

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12
Q

Benzene -> Nitrobenzene

A

Conc HNO3/conc H2SO4/50C
Substitution

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13
Q

Benzene -> Chlorobenzene OR bromobenzene

A

Cl2 OR Br2/Halogen carrier catalyst (eg. Al3Cl OR FeBr3)
Substitution

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14
Q

Benzene -> Aromatic ketone

A

Acyl chloride/halogen carrier catalyst
Substitution

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15
Q

Benzene -> Alkyl benzene

A

Haloalkane/halogen carrier catalyst
Substitution

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16
Q

Phenol -> Sodium phenoxide

A

Sodium hydroxide
Neutralisation

17
Q

Phenol -> 2,4,6-tribromophenol

A

Bromine
Sunstitution

18
Q

Amine -> Alkylammonium salt

A

Acid
Neutralisation

19
Q

Amide -> Amine + carboxylate salt

A

Dilute alkali
Hydrolysis

20
Q

Amide -> Carboxylic acid + alkylammonium ion

A

Dilute acid
Hydrolysis

21
Q

Nitrobenzene -> Phenylamine

A

Sn/conc HCl followed by NaOH
Reduction

Organic Synthesis (2 decks)

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