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passmedicine > yay > Flashcards

yay Flashcards

1
Q

tinel and phalens

A

carpal tunnel

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2
Q

management myasthenic crisis

A
  • IV immunoglobulin

- plasma electophoresis

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3
Q

thyroid storm management

A

iv hydrocortisone
iv fluids
propanolol

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4
Q

addisonian crisis management

A

iv hydrocortisone
iv fluids
glucose
abx

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5
Q

meningism

A

photophobia, neck stiffness

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6
Q

CA19-9

A

pancreatic cancer

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7
Q

most common type glomerulonephritis in SLE

A

diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis

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8
Q

common cause of hyponatraemia following SAH

A

SIADH

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9
Q

what would a raised calcium and low phosphate suggest

A

primary hyperparathyroidism

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10
Q

what does bones groans stones and psychic moans refer to

A

primary hyperparathyroidism

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11
Q

eye unilaterally dilated

A
  • compression of 3rd nerve

- optic nerve injury

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12
Q

eyes bilaterally dilated

A
  • bilateral 3rd nerve palsy

- poor CNS perfusion

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13
Q

eyes bilaterally constricted

A
  • opiates
  • pontine lesions
  • metabolic encephalopathy
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14
Q

what is most useful investigation for diagnosing ankylosing spondylitis

A

Plain x-ray of the sacroiliac joints

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15
Q

what would subchondral sclerosis of sacroiliac joint indicate

A

ankylosing spondylitis

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16
Q

hand foot and mouth disease is commonly caused by?

A

coxsackie A16 and enterovirus

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17
Q

antihistone antibodies

A

drug induced lupus

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18
Q

anti jo-1 antibodies

A

polymyositis.

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19
Q

anti scl70 antibody

A

diffuse systemic sclerosis

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20
Q

anticentromere antibody

A

limited systemic sclerosis

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21
Q

causes drug induced lupus

A 
isoniazid
phenytoin
procainamide
hydralazine 
minocycline
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22
Q

phenytoin is for

A

tonic clonic seizures
focal seizures
prevention of seizures
status epilepticus

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23
Q

absolute contraindications thrombolysis

A
  • known intracranial neoplasm
  • recent haemorrhage
  • coagulation and bleeding disorders
  • stroke <3 months
  • aortic dissection
  • recent head injury
  • severe hypertension
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24
Q

3 thrombolytic drugs

A

streptokinase
alteplase
tenecteplase

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25
Q

what nerve carpal tunnel

A

median

26
Q

Addisons management

A

hydrocortisone + fludrocortisone

27
Q

termination of pregnancy <9 weeks

A

medical abortion

- mifepristone + prostaglandin 48 hours later

28
Q

termination of pregnancy 9-13 weeks

A

surgical dilation and suction of uterine contents

29
Q

anterior cerebral artery stroke effects

A

Contralateral hemiparesis and sensory loss, lower extremity > upper

30
Q

middle cerebral artery stroke effects

A

Contralateral hemiparesis and sensory loss, upper extremity > lower
Contralateral homonymous hemianopia
Aphasia

31
Q

posterior cerebral artery stroke effects

A

Contralateral homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing

Visual agnosia

32
Q

basilar artery stroke effect

A

‘locked in’ syndrome

33
Q

lacunar stroke effect

A

present with either isolated hemiparesis, hemisensory loss or hemiparesis with limb ataxia
strong association with hypertension
common sites include the basal ganglia, thalamus and internal capsule

34
Q

what age should you hop on one leg

A

3-4

35
Q

what age should you squat to pick up a ball

A

18 months

36
Q

what age should you pull to standing

A

8-10 months

37
Q

diabetes insipidus osmolality findings

A

high plasma osmolality

low urine osmolality.

38
Q

what test is used to confirm diabetes insipidus

A

water deprivation test

39
Q

2 types diabetes insipidus

A

cranial and nephrogenic

40
Q

describe cranial diabetes insipidus

A

reduced production of anti diuretic hormone by pituitary

41
Q

describe nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

A

reduced sensitivity to anti diuretic hormone

42
Q

pegvisomant

A

GH receptor antagonist

43
Q

what is a hydrocele

A

accumulation of fluid within the tunica vaginalis

44
Q

initial management hypercalcaemia

A

iv saline (3-4 litres per day) +/- bisphosphonates

45
Q

effect of calcitonin on calcium levels

A

reduces

46
Q

examples of DOACs

A

apixaban

rivaroxaban

47
Q

first line management haemochromatosis

A

regular venesection

48
Q

primary causative organism for croup

A

parainfluenza virus

49
Q

primary causative organism for bronchiolitis

A

RSV

50
Q

side effects ACE inhibitors

A
  • cough

- hyperkalaemia

51
Q

side effects calcium channel blockers

A

Headache
• Flushing
• Ankle oedema

52
Q

side effects beta blockers

A

• Bronchospasm (especially in asthmatics)
• Fatigue
• Cold peripheries

53
Q

acute migraine management

A

triptan + NSAID/ paracetamol

54
Q

migraine prophylaxis

A

topiramate or propanolol

55
Q

what food group should patients taking warfarin avoid

A

foods high in vitamin k e.g. brocolli, kale, sprouts

56
Q

is methotrexate used to manage UC or Crohns

A

Crohns

57
Q

what is associated withPhiladelphia chromosome - t(9:22)

A

chronic myeloid leukaemia

58
Q

ecg change associated with haloperidol

A

prolonged qt

59
Q

ecg changes associated with hyperkalaemia

A

tented t waves, absence of p waves, broad qrs complex

60
Q

management raynauds

A

CCB e.g nifedipine

61
Q

what age good pincer grip

A

12 months

passmedicine (1 decks)

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