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Biology > YR10 ecology and genetics > Flashcards

YR10 ecology and genetics Flashcards

1
Q

What is the theory of natural selection?

A

Organisms with an advantage are more likely to breed and pass on variations of genes

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2
Q

What theory is explained by natural selection?

A

Evolution

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3
Q

Who developed the theory of evolution?

A

Charles Darwin

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4
Q

What is classification?

A

Organising living things into groups

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5
Q

How did Linnaeus classify life?

A

Observations of structure and characteristics

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6
Q

What is a species?

A

A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring

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7
Q

What is a binomial name?

A

The scientific name of a species. E.g. Panthera leo

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8
Q

How did Woese classify life?

A

Observations of DNA and biochemistry

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9
Q

What are Woese’s six kingdoms of life?

A

Animals, plants, fungi, protoctista, bacteria, archaea

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10
Q

What are the three domains of life?

A

Eukaryota, bacteria, archaea

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11
Q

What is an evolutionary tree?

A

Diagram that shows how different species are related

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12
Q

What is the fossil record?

A

Fossils arranged in order of time that provides evidence for evolution

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13
Q

Give three reasons why the fossil record incomplete?

A

Early life was soft bodied. Not all dead organisms form fossils. Not all fossils have been found

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14
Q

What is a fossil?

A

Preserved remains of an organism

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15
Q

What is mineralisation?

A

The harder parts of organism are replaced by minerals as they decay

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16
Q

What is extinction?

A

The permanent loss of all members of a species

17
Q

What are three ways a species can become extinct?

A

New predators, new diseases, competition

18
Q

How many times has climate change caused mass extinction on Earth?

A

5

19
Q

What is the decay cycle?

A

How nutrients cycle through the environment

20
Q

What is the water cycle?

A

How water cycles through the environment

21
Q

What are the five stages of the water cycle?

A

Condensation, precipitation, evaporation, transpiration, respiration

22
Q

What is the carbon cycle?

A

How carbon cycles through the environment

23
Q

How is carbon removed from the atmosphere?

A

Photosynthesis

24
Q

How is carbon returned to the atmosphere?

A

Decay, respiration and combustion

25
Q

What is the greenhouse effect?

A

When energy from the sun gets trapped in the Earths atmosphere by greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide

26
Q

What is acid rain?

A

Sulfuric acid and nitric acid dissolved in rain

27
Q

How is the use of land by humans changing?

A

It is increasing because the human population is growing

28
Q

What is a breeding programme?

A

Plan to breed rare plants and animals up to a sustainable population

Biology (7 decks)

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