Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

criminology > yr12 paper > Flashcards

yr12 paper Flashcards

1
Q

what is a value?

A

general principle on how we should live our life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is a norm?

A

socially accepted standard that governs behaviour in situations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

give an example of a value

A

UK or USA place high value on personal wealth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

give an example of a norm

A

cultures place high value on respect for elders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are moral codes?

A

set of basic rules held by society

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

give an example of a moral code

A

police code of ethics (integrity, leadership, honesty & respect)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is deviance?

A

any behaviour that differs from normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the main type of deviance?

A

behaviour that’s unusual and bad

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

give an example of deviance

A

queue-jumping

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is a formal sanction?

A

punishments for breaking formal written rules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

give an example of a formal sanction

A

courts may fine an offender for theft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

give an example of an informal sanction

A

getting told off

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is an informal sanction?

A

someone breaks a rule that isn’t formally written down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

give an example of a positive sanction

A

medal for bravery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is social control?

A

ways in which society seek to control behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the legal definition of criminal behaviour?

A

any action that is forbidden by criminal law

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the actus reus?

A

guilty act

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the mens rea?

A

guilty mind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is strict liability?

A

when the mens rea isn’t required

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

give an example of strict liability

A

factory owner negligent with health and safety, no intention to hurt anyone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what kind of offences are strict liability?

A

regulatory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is self defence?

A

assaulting someone with deliberate intention to harm them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is the social definition of criminal behaviour?

A

not all harmful acts are criminal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

give an example of social criminal behaviour

A

anti-pollution laws, harm environment but victimless

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

explain differing public views regarding criminal behaviour

A

public see ‘real’ crimes differently

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

give an example of differing views in crim

A

use of soft drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

explain law enforcement regarding criminal behaviour

A

not all criminal laws are enforced, some prioritised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

give an example of law enforcement differing in crime

A

white collar crimes, too complex/time-consuming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

explain law making regarding criminal behaviour

A

not all acts made into crime, depends on public and those in power

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

give an example of law-making differing in crime

A

stalking, not an offence until Protection of Freedoms Act in 2012

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what is a criminal act?

A

one that breaks the law

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

what is a summary offence?

A

less serious, tried by magistrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

give an example of a summary offence

A

speeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

what is an indictable offence?

A

most serious, tried in crown court

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

give an example of an indictable offence

A

murder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

give an example of a crime with violence against the person

A

assault

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

give an example of a sexual offence

A

rape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

give an example of offence against property

A

burglary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

give an example of criminal damage

A

arson

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

give an example of drug offences

A

supplying/possession of heroin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

give an example of a public order offence

A

riot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

what is a custodial sentence?

A

imprisonment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

what is the length of a custodial sentence?

A

varies, parole after 15 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

what is a community sentence?

A

served in community rather than jail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

give an example of a community sentence

A

curfews

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

what is a fine?

A

financial penalty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

what does the amount of the fine depend on?

A

seriousness, repeat and ability to pay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

what is a conditional discharge?

A

offender committing no further offence for given time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

what is an absolute discharge?

A

defendant is guilty but punishment is inappropriate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

what is a police caution?

A

warning given to anyone over 10 years old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

what is a conditional police caution?

A

stick to certain rules/restrictions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

what is a penalty notice?

A

no conviction if you pay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

give another implication of committing a criminal act

A

exclusion from certain jobs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

explain acts that are criminal but not deviant

A

not all crimes are serious so not seen as deviant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

give an example of a criminal act that isn’t deviant

A

possessing cannabis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

explain acts that are deviant but not criminal

A

social attitudes change before the law

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

give an example of a deviant act that isn’t criminal

A

homosexual acts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

what is polygamy?

A

having more than 1 husband or wife

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

what is polygyny?

A

man can have 2 or more wives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

what is polyandry?

A

woman can have 2 or more husbands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

where is polygyny legal?

A

58 countries (muslim majority)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

where is polygyny a crime?

A

UK - bigamy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

what are 2 reasons why polygyny laws vary?

A
  1. religion - qur’an permits 4 wives
  2. tradition - practiced in Africa
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

what is adultery?

A

sexual act between 2 people, 1 of whom is married

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

where is adultery legal?

A

UK, India from 2018

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

where is adultery a crime?

A

muslim majoirty - stoned to death/fine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

what are 2 reasons why adultery laws vary?

A
  1. religion - 10 commandments
  2. women - subordinate position
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

what is homosexuality?

A

sexual acts between people of same sex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

where is homosexuality a crime?

A

in 72 countries, 6 have death penalty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

where is homosexuality legal?

A

UK, Europe, North & South America

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

what are 3 reasons why homosexuality laws vary?

A
  1. religion - condemned by islam
  2. public - higher support for bans
  3. sexism - women incapable of attraction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

how have homosexuality laws changed overtime?

A

UK crime until 1885, legalised to 16 year olds in 2000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

what are 4 reasons why homosexuality laws changed overtime?

A
  1. wolfenden report - 1957 over 21 legalised
  2. campaigns - stonewall, equalised age to 16
  3. politicians - roy jenkins, legalisation in 1967
  4. human rights - india
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

what are the laws on cannabis?

A

possession for personal use is treated more leniently

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

where is cannabis a crime?

A

UK - 5 years imprisonment, 14 for supply

76
Q

where is cannabis legal?

A

Canada, Portugal decriminalised personal use

77
Q

what are 2 reasons why cannabis laws changed over time?

A
  1. norms - individualistic see it as victimless
  2. ideas of control - reduce harm
78
Q

how have drug laws changed over time?

A
  1. Portugal - 2001 reduced to civil offence
  2. Public health - HIV infections dropped
79
Q

what are the reasons why drug laws have changed?

A
  1. rapid growth - 1 in every 100 addicted
  2. poor country - saved 18%
80
Q

how have gun control laws changed over time?

A
  1. banned 22 handguns in 1997
  2. tony blair banned all handguns
81
Q

what are 2 reasons why gun control laws have changed?

A
  1. gun control network - victims campaigned
  2. snowdrop campaign - 750,000 signatures
82
Q

how have laws relating to children changed over time?

A
  1. “idea of childhood didn’t exist” Aries
  2. no distinction between children and adults
  3. society became child-centred
83
Q

what are the changes in law relating to children?

A
  1. exclude paid work
  2. compulsory schooling - 1880
  3. welfare - 2004 Children’s Act
  4. rights - healthcare/education
  5. policies - minimum ages for activities
84
Q

what is capital punishment?

A

execution for murder or less serious crimes

85
Q

give an example of capital punishment

A

1723 Black act - 50 offences changed

86
Q

what is corporal punishment?

A

flogging, birching, branding with hot iron

87
Q

what are the changes in law regarding physical punishment?

A
  1. offences carrying death penalty were reduced
  2. capital punishment abolished in 1965
  3. corporal punishment abolished in 1967
88
Q

what are the 3 reasons for change in physical punishment laws?

A
  1. breach of human rights
  2. can’t correct miscarriage of justice
  3. not a deterrent
89
Q

what is lombroso’s physiological theory?

A

born criminals with atavistic features

90
Q

what is sheldon’s physiological theory?

A

somatotypes

91
Q

what is the twin studies genetic theory?

A

if one has ‘criminal’ genes so will the other

92
Q

what is a monozygotic twin?

A

identical

93
Q

what is a dizygotic twin?

A

non-identical

94
Q

what is the adoption studies genetic theory?

A

adoptee’s behaviour is similar to birth parent

95
Q

what is jacob’s XYY genetic theory?

A

abnormality of sex chromosomes

96
Q

what is a case study linking brain injuries to criminality?

A

phineas gage - personality changed

97
Q

what is a case study linking diseases to criminality?

A

encephalitis lethargic - destructive & impulsive

98
Q

how do sex hormones link to criminality?

A

men - testosterone increases aggression
females - PMT/PND affect mood & self-control

99
Q

how does blood sugar levels link to criminality?

A

hypoglycaemia - alcohol abuse increase aggression

100
Q

how does substance abuse link to criminality?

A

cocaine - increase aggression
heroin - reduce aggression

101
Q

what is freud’s psychoanalysis theory?

A

childhood experiences determine future behaviour

102
Q

what is the id (psychoanalysis)?

A

pleasure principle

103
Q

what is the superego (psychoanalysis)?

A

internal ‘nagging parent’

104
Q

what is the ego (psychoanalysis)?

A

reality principle

105
Q

what is bowlby’s maternal deprivation theory?

A

affectionless psychopathy leads to criminality

106
Q

what is eysenck’s personality theory?

A

crime is due to neurotic/psychotic/extrovert

107
Q

what is sutherland’s differential association theory?

A

learn criminal behaviour in family and peer groups

108
Q

what is the operant learning theory?

A

if behaviour results in a reward, its more likely to be repeated

109
Q

what is social learning theory?

A

learn behaviour by imitating others

110
Q

what is the criminal personality theory?

A

prone to faulty thinking

111
Q

what is kohlberg’s moral development theory?

A

right and wrong develop through stages from childhood to adulthood

112
Q

what is durkheim’s functionalist theory?

A

deviate due to inadequate socialisation

113
Q

what are the 4 functions of crime stated by durkheim?

A
  1. boundary maintenance
  2. safety valve
  3. warning light
  4. social change
114
Q

what is merton’s strain theory?

A

unequal structure of society leads to crime

115
Q

what are the 5 ways people adapt to strain stated by merton?

A
  1. innovation
  2. conformity
  3. ritualism
  4. retreatism
  5. rebellion
116
Q

what is cohen’s subcultural theory?

A

status frustration due to blocked opportunities

117
Q

what is cloward & olin’s subcultural theory?

A

neighbourhoods give rise to different deviant subcultures

118
Q

what are the 3 subcultures stated by cloward & ohlin?

A
  1. criminal
  2. conflict
  3. retreatist
119
Q

what is labelling theory of interactionism?

A

act only becomes criminal or deviant when labelled as one

120
Q

what is primary deviance?

A

acts that haven’t been publicly labelled

121
Q

what is secondary deviance?

A

people treat individual different due to label

122
Q

what is self-fulfilling prophecy?

A

become what the label said you were

123
Q

what is the deviance amplification spiral?

A

control leads to ‘crackdown’ which increases deviance

124
Q

what is the marxist’s theory of crime and law?

A

capitalism shapes behaviour

125
Q

give 2 strengths of lombroso’s physiological theory

A
  1. applicable to prevention over punishment
  2. scientifically studied, not a moral issue
126
Q

give 2 weaknesses of lombroso’s phsyiological theory

A
  1. no control group, no comparison
  2. racist theory, physical characteristics
127
Q

give 2 strengths of sheldon’s physiological theory

A
  1. replicated, 60% were mesomorphs
  2. most serious offenders were mesomorphs
128
Q

give 2 weaknesses of sheldon’s physiological theory

A
  1. somatotype might not cause criminality
  2. could lead to labelling and self-fulfilling prophecy
129
Q

give 2 strengths of twin studies

A
  1. Raine - higher concordance rate for MZ twins
  2. logical, examines MZ twins so behaviour should be identical
130
Q

give 2 weaknesses of twin studies

A
  1. not 100% concordance rate so not only cause
  2. impossible to isolate effect of genes
131
Q

give 2 strengths of adoption studies

A
  1. separate influence of genes from environment
  2. research, adoptees more likely to commit crime if they had criminal parents
132
Q

give 2 weaknesses of adoption studies

A
  1. children placed in similar families to biological parents
  2. not adopted immediately, environmental influence
133
Q

give 2 strengths of XYY syndrome

A
  1. Jacob - correlation between syndrome and prisoners
  2. Price & Whatmore - links with property crime
134
Q

give 2 weaknesses of XYY syndrome

A
  1. no causation of violence
  2. XYY fit stereotypical violent offender, self-fulfilling prophecy
135
Q

give 2 strengths of brain injuries & disorders

A
  1. led to major changes in individual’s personality
  2. prisoners are more likely to have this than non-prisoners
136
Q

give 2 weaknesses of brain injuries & disorders

A
  1. crimes caused by this is rare
  2. more of a resulting factor than cause
137
Q

give 2 strengths of biochemical explanations

A
  1. sex hormones, blood sugar levels, substance abuse can affect mood and aggression
  2. recognised by courts - PMT, post-natal depression
138
Q

give 2 weaknesses of biochemical explanations

A
  1. require environmental ‘trigger’
  2. Scarmella & Brown - testosterone doesn’t greatly affect aggression
139
Q

give 4 general criticisms of biological theories

A
  1. ignores environmental factors
  2. sample bias of convicted criminals
  3. gender bias
  4. crime is a social construct
140
Q

give 2 strengths of freud’s psychodynamic theory

A
  1. emphasises importance of early socialisation and family relationships
  2. influences policies for dealing with crime and deviance
141
Q

give 2 weaknesses of freud’s psychodynamic theory

A
  1. research lacks quantitative data, biased
  2. unscientific and subjective, reliance on claims
142
Q

give 2 strengths of bowlby’s maternal deprivation theory

A
  1. thieves study, 39% vs 5% of criminals suffered from maternal deprivation
  2. shows need for consideration of role of parent-child in explaining crime
143
Q

give 2 weaknesses of bowlby’s maternal deprivation theory

A
  1. retrospective, issues with recalling emotive experiences
  2. Simmons & Putwain: link with crime isn’t widely accepted
144
Q

give 2 strengths of eysenck’s personality theory

A
  1. describes how measurable tendencies can increase risk of offending
  2. studies support offenders being extrovert, neurotic and psychotic
145
Q

give 2 weaknesses of eysenck’s personality theory

A
  1. Farrington: prisoners are neurotic and psychotic but not extrovert
  2. correlation between the two but no causation
146
Q

give 2 strengths of differential association learning theory

A
  1. crime runs in families
  2. work groups normalise white collar crime, justifying behaviour
147
Q

give 2 weaknesses of differential association learning theory

A
  1. not everyone exposed to the influences becomes a criminal
  2. people think they can justify their behaviour through their peers
148
Q

give 2 strengths of operant learning theory

A
  1. Skinner: animals learn through reinforcement, similar to human behaviour
  2. Jeffrey: if crime is more rewarding, then more likely to offend
149
Q

give 2 weaknesses of operant learning theory

A
  1. animal studies, not adequate model of human behaviour
  2. ignores internal mental processes as focuses on rewards/punishments
150
Q

give 2 strengths of social learning theory

A
  1. takes into account that we’re social beings and we learn from others
  2. shows importance of role models in learning deviance
151
Q

give 2 weaknesses of social learning theory

A
  1. based on lab studies so lacks mundane realism
  2. deterministic, ignores freedom of choice
152
Q

give 2 strengths of the criminal personality theory

A
  1. led to other research like PICTS
  2. led to successful treatments like CBT
153
Q

give 2 weaknesses of the criminal personality theory

A
  1. no control group, lacked comparison
  2. unrepresentative sample, based off men
154
Q

give 2 strengths of the moral development theory

A
  1. studies show delinquents have immature moral development
  2. Thornton & Reid: true for crimes like theft and robbery
155
Q

give 2 weaknesses of the moral development theory

A
  1. Thornton & Reid: not true for violent or impulsive crimes
  2. focuses on moral thinking rather than moral behaviour
156
Q

give 3 general criticisms of individualistic theories

A
  1. artificiality
  2. sample bias
  3. neglect of social factors
157
Q

give 2 strengths of durkheim’s functionalist theory

A
  1. recognise that crime has positive functions for society
  2. deviance is a universal and inevitable part of society
158
Q

give 2 weaknesses of durkheim’s functionalist theory

A
  1. society requires small amount of deviance to function, doesn’t specify how much
  2. not functional for victims
159
Q

give 2 strengths of merton’s functionalist strain theory

A
  1. normal and deviant behaviour arise from same goals
  2. explains patterns in official crime statistics
160
Q

give 2 weaknesses of merton’s functionalist strain theory

A
  1. ignores crimes by the wealthy and over-predicts working class crime
  2. ignores group deviance of delinquent subcultures
161
Q

give 2 strengths of subcultural theories

A
  1. shows subcultures perform a function for members by offering solutions to achieve goals
  2. different neighbourhoods give rise to different illegitimate opportunities/subcultures
162
Q

give 2 weaknesses of subcultural theories

A
  1. ignores crimes by the wealthy and over-predicts working class crime
  2. some people can show characteristics of all 3 subcultures
163
Q

give 2 strengths of interactionism (labelling theory)

A
  1. shifts focus onto police typifications and selective law enforcement
  2. explains how deviance amplification spiral can occur
164
Q

give 2 weaknesses of interactionism (labelling theory)

A
  1. deterministic, once given a label, deviant behaviour is inevitable
  2. can’t explain how labels are applied to certain groups but not others
165
Q

give 2 strengths of the marxist view of crime and law

A
  1. shows poverty/inequality can cause working-class crime
  2. shows law making and law enforcement are bias
166
Q

give 2 weaknesses of the marxist view of crime and law

A
  1. ignores relationship between crime and other inequalities
  2. not all capitalist societies have high crime rates
167
Q

what is right realism?

A

criminals have rational choice, weigh up pros and cons on committing crime

168
Q

what are the 3 main causes of crime according to right realism?

A
  1. biological differences
  2. socialisation and underclass
  3. rational choice theory
169
Q

give 2 strengths of right realism

A
  1. Rettig - students chose to commit crime depending on punishment
  2. explains opportunistic petty crimes like theft
170
Q

give 2 weaknesses of right realism

A
  1. not all crimes are as a result of rational decisions
  2. Rettig - experiment so might not apply to real offenders
171
Q

what is left realism?

A

inequality is the main cause which encourages relative deprivation

172
Q

what are the 3 main causes of crime according to left realism?

A
  1. relative deprivation
  2. subcultures
  3. marginalisation
173
Q

give 2 strengths of left realism

A
  1. draws attention to inequality, poverty and relative deprivation as main causes
  2. draws attention to reality of street crime and its effects
174
Q

give 2 weaknesses of left realism

A
  1. over-predicts working class crime as not everyone who experiences causes commits crime
  2. focuses on inner city crime, giving an unrepresentative view
175
Q

how do drug treatments control alcohol abuse for crime control?

A

aversion therapy using antabuse

176
Q

how do drug treatments control heroin addiction for crime control?

A

methadone to prevent withdrawal symptoms

177
Q

how do drug treatments help sex offenders for crime control?

A

stilbestrol as a chemical castration

178
Q

how do drug treatments manage prisoners for crime control?

A

sedatives and tranquillisers like valium

179
Q

how does modifying diet help with crime control?

A
  1. controls hyperactivity
  2. vitamin b3 treats schizophrenia
180
Q

how does surgical castration help with crime control?

A

to change sex offender’s behaviour

181
Q

how do lobotomies help with crime control?

A

treat paranoid schizophrenics, sexually motivated and impulsive violent criminals

182
Q

what are crowd control and public order offences?

A

controlling groups through chemical substances

183
Q

what are eugenics?

A

aimed to improve genetic quality of human population

184
Q

what is compulsory sterilisation?

A

sterilisation to control ‘defectives’

185
Q

what are the nazi’s ‘racial purity’ policies?

A

purifying aryan master race by eliminating others

criminology (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions