ZUKU Review Questions Flashcards
A 5 year old female spayed Cocker Spaniel is presented with a strange expression. Her right ear and lip appear to droop. There is ptosis O.D. (right eye) and the dog is drooling on the exam table.
What anatomic structure is damaged?
A - Right side inner ear
B - Left side inner ear
C - Trigeminal nerve
D - Facial nerve
E - Left side medulla, motor tract
Facial Nerve
Several rabbits in a commercial meat operation have developed genital scabs, perineal ulcerations and a crusty exudate around the nose and eyes. Microhemaglutination tests are positive for treponematosis.
Which one of the following steps is most effective to treat this problem?
A - Clindamycin PO for exposed rabbits, 8 days; Cull affected animals
B - Penicillin IM for all rabbits, 5-7 days
C - Amipcillin PO for affected rabbits, 10-14 days
D - Amprolium-medicated feed for whole herd, 2 weeks; Increase ventilation
E - Isolate affected animals, Lincomycin in water 2-3 weeks
B - Penicillin IM for all rabbits, 5-7 days
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AVOID oral antibiotics in rabbits, which can upset normal gram-positive gut flora.
Particularly avoid lincosamide antibiotics like Clindamycin and Lincomycin, which target gram-postive bacteria and are specifically contraindicated in rabbits and rodents
Which diuretic is a competitive antagonist for aldosterone sometimes used in treatment of congestive heart failure?
A - Thiazides (chlorothiazide, hydrochlorothiazide)
B - Furosemide
C - Osmotic diuretics (Mannitol, DMSO)
D - Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (Acetazolamide)
E - Potassium-sparing diuretics (Spironolactone, Amiloride)
E - Potassium-sparing diuretics (Spironolactone, Amiloride)
___________________________
Potassium-sparing diuretics (spironolactone, amiloride) are aldosterone antagonists sometimes used with furosemide as part of the treatment plan for congestive heart failure (CHF).
Aldosterone, the mineralocorticoid produced in the adrenal cortex, acts on the distal convoluted tubules (and collecting ducts) of the nephron to retain Na+ and water, secrete K+ and increase blood pressure.
Clinically, look for increased aldosterone secretion (increased blood pressure) with CHF.
In contrast, see decreased aldosterone secretion (and decreased blood pressure) with hypoadrenocorticism.
A five-year-old Boxer dog presents for routine vaccinations. The owner points out a small, smooth mass on the right ear.
Fine needle aspiration cytology is shown below. Which one of the following choices is the most likely diagnosis?
A - Mast cell tumor
B - Transmissible venereal tumor
C - Bacterial inflammation
D - Lymphoma
E - Pyogranulomatous inflammation
A - Mast cell tumor
A sandhill crane from a local zoo dies after a period of chronic weight loss and weakness. Nodular lesions are discovered in the liver and spleen.
Which one of the following choices is the most likely diagnosis?
A - Tuberculosis
B - Fowl cholera
C - Histomoniasis
D - Spirochetosis
E - Lymphoid leukosis
A - Tuberculosis
A necropsy of 16 month old female guinea pig with a 2-week history of anorexia, diarrhea, lethargy and weakness reveals the following.
What is the diagnosis?
Vitamin C Deficiency
A 7 year-old intact female poodle is presented. The owner has noted a lot of drinking and some urinary accidents in the house in the last week and that the dog hasn’t seemed herself either.
Yesterday she vomited twice. On physical exam the dog appears depressed and listless, has dark injected mucous membranes and a distended tender abdomen.
T=104 F (40 C)..[N=99.5-102.5 F, N=37.2-39.2 C]
HR=100 bpm…..[N=60-120]
RR=30 brpm……[N=15-34]
What diagnosis is of most immediate concern?
A - Pregnancy
B - Intestinal foreign body
C - Hepato-splenic tumor
D - Diabetes mellitus
E - Pyometra
E- Pyometra
A 7-year old male German shepherd is presented with a history of weakness in the hind limbs, urinary incontinence and recent obsessive chewing around his tail area. Dorsiflexion of the tail over the back and extension of the hind limbs elicits a painful response.
There is moderate hindlimb ataxia. He does not withdraw each hind leg when a toe is pinched, but bears weight on the hindlimbs. Patellar reflexes are normal.
What is the clinical diagnosis
A - Wobbler syndrome
B - Diskospondylitis
C - Hip dysplasia
D - Cauda equina syndrome
E - Radiculoneuritis
D - Cauda equina syndrome
