انواع عفونتهاى بيمارستانى Flashcards
Nosocomial infections at least must develop at ………
48 h after admission
most common type of healthcare-associated infection
UTI 40%
80% بسبب catheter
……………of catheterization is the most important risk factor for the development of CA-bacteriuria.
The duration
Catheter-risk of bacteriuria increases each day of use
Per day: 5%
1 week: 25%
1 month: 100%
من العوامل التي تزيد من خطر CA-UTI
Female
Ureteral stent // دعامة الحالوب
مرض السكري
سوء تغذية
مضادات حيوي
Azotemia (creatinine >2mg)
most frequent species causing CA-UTI
E.coli
Ca-UTI
(Gran - ):-
E.coli
Klebseilla pneumonia
Enterobacter
Citrobacter
Serratia
Psedumonas
(Gram +):-
Enterococci (group D streptococci )
CoNS =Coagulase negative staphylococci
………………is the most common and deadliest hospital acquired infection in the ICU
VAP=Ventilator associated pneumonia
Treatment of ……………accounts for ½ of antibiotic use in the ICU
Pneumonia
عوامل الخطر للأصابة ب VAP
١/ امراض مزمنة كالسكري والفشل الكلوي .
٢/ مضادات حموضة +مثبطات H2.
٣/نقل الدم اكثر من ٤ وحدات .
4/inhaled steroids
Cause of VAP
Early (<5 days)Strep pneumoniae, Staph aureus, sensitive GNR =gram negative rod
Late (>5 days) MRSA ,Pseudomonas in 10-20% ,Resistant GNR (Acinetobacter, Klebsiella, E coli, Enterobacter)
50% is polymicrobial
…………endotracheal tubes are worse
Nasal
the most frequently encountered pathogens in device-related infections
Staphylococci
Specially CoNS
Causes of BSI
1/Staphylococci (CoNS +S.aureus)
2/multidrug-resistant GNR
3/fungal organisms
……………is defined as the presence of bacteremia originating from an intravenous catheter.
Catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI)
