مرسل من الدكتور Flashcards
(29 cards)
What is the causative agent of fascioliasis?
Fasciola
Fasciola is a genus of trematodes, commonly known as liver flukes.
In fascioliasis, what is the intermediate host of the larval stage?
Lymnaea
Lymnaea is a genus of freshwater snails that serve as the intermediate host.
What is the habitat of Fasciola in the human body?
Bile ducts
Fasciola resides primarily in the bile ducts of the liver.
What is the infective stage of fascioliasis?
Encysted metacercaria
The encysted metacercaria is the form that infects the definitive host.
What is the mode of infection for fascioliasis?
Ingestion of contaminated water or plants
Humans typically acquire the infection by consuming contaminated aquatic plants.
What are the clinical manifestations of fascioliasis?
Acute and chronic phases
Acute fascioliasis is characterized by fever and abdominal pain, while chronic fascioliasis can lead to biliary obstruction.
What is the causative agent of clonorchiasis?
Clonorchis
Clonorchis sinensis is the primary species causing clonorchiasis.
What is the habitat of Clonorchis in the human body?
Bile ducts
Clonorchis resides in the bile ducts, similar to Fasciola.
What is the infective stage of clonorchiasis?
Metacercaria
The infective form is typically ingested through contaminated fish.
What is the mode of infection for clonorchiasis?
Ingestion of undercooked fish
Consumption of fish infected with metacercaria leads to infection.
What is the causative agent of heterophyiasis?
Heterophyes
Heterophyes heterophyes is the main species associated with heterophyiasis.
What is the habitat of Heterophyes in the human body?
Intestinal tract
Heterophyes resides in the intestines of the definitive host.
What is the causative agent of paragonimiasis?
Paragonimus
Paragonimus westermani is the species most commonly associated with paragonimiasis.
What is the habitat of Paragonimus in the human body?
Lungs
Paragonimus typically resides in the lung tissue.
What are the nutritional deficiencies caused by helminthic diseases?
- Iron
- Vitamin B12
- Folic acid
- Vitamin A
These deficiencies arise due to malabsorption caused by helminthic infections.
Tapeworms can have either _______ or _______ infective stages.
1 IS or 2 IS
IS refers to the number of infective stages in the life cycle of tapeworms.
True or False: Tapeworms have asexual stages in human tissues.
True
Tapeworms can have asexual reproduction stages that occur within human tissues.
What is one way worms maintain their position in the host?
By using hooks or suckers
Many helminths use specialized structures to anchor themselves in the host’s tissues.
What is the infective form of Strongyloides?
- Rhabditiform larva
- Filariform larvae
- Eggs
Filariform larvae are the primary infective stage for Strongyloides stercoralis.
What are the modes of infection associated with nematodes?
- Direct
- Indirect
- Internal
- External
Nematodes can infect hosts through various routes depending on the species.
What is the infective stage of Ancylostoma?
- Filariform larva
- Non-embryonated egg
- First stage rhabditiform larva
- Second stage rhabditiform larva
- Embryonated egg
Ancylostoma can infect hosts through multiple life cycle stages.
What are some clinical signs associated with helminthic diseases?
Malabsorption, steatorrhoea
Helminthic infections can lead to gastrointestinal symptoms such as malabsorption and fat in stools.
What is Pica?
An eating disorder characterized by the consumption of non-food items
Commonly includes substances like dirt, clay, or chalk.
What is Geophagia?
The practice of eating earth or soil-like substances
Often associated with cultural practices or nutritional deficiencies.
