संयुक्त राष्ट्र Flashcards
(104 cards)
1
Q
United Nations (UN) is an international organization founded in
A
1945
2
Q
___ is the foundational treaty of the United Nations, as an inter-governmental organization
A
The UN Charter of 1945
3
Q
The name “United Nations”, coined by United States President:
A
Franklin D. Roosevelt
4
Q
The forerunner of the United Nations was the :
A
League of Nations
* an organization conceived in circumstances of the First World War
* established in 1919
* under the Treaty of Versailles
5
Q
___ was also created in 1919 under the Treaty of Versailles as an affiliated agency of the League
A
International Labour Organization (ILO)
6
Q
A document called ____ was signed in ___ by 26 nations, pledging their Governments to continue fighting together against the Axis Powers (Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis) and bound them against making a separate peace
A
The Declaration by United Nations , 1942
7
Q
The UN Charter of 1945 was signed in
A
United Nations Conference on International Organization (1945) , San Fransissco
8
Q
How many components of UN are there?
A
- General Assembly,
- Security Council,
- Economic and Social Council
- Trusteeship Council,
- International Court of Justice,
- UN Secretariat.
All the 6 were established in 1945 when the UN was founded
9
Q
Which is the main deliberative, policymaking and representative organ of the UN.?
A
The General Assembly
10
Q
Which is the main deliberative, policymaking and representative organ of the UN.?
A
The General Assembly
11
Q
Who is the current President of UNGA?
A
Csaba Kőrösi, President - 77th
12
Q
Tenure of UNGA President
A
1 year
Previous(76th) was Abdulla Shahid
13
Q
Which has primary responsibility, under the UN Charter, for the maintenance of international peace and security.?
A
Security Council
14
Q
The Security Council is made up of ___ member states
A
15
* Five Permanent members—China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States
* Ten Non-Permanent - elected for two-year terms by the General Assembly on a regional basis
15
Q
India, for the ___ time, entered the UNSC as a non-permanent member in ??
A
EIGHT , 2021
for the year : 2021-2022
16
Q
____ refers to the power of the permanent member to veto (Reject) any resolution of Security Council
A
Veto power
17
Q
____ is the principal body for coordination, policy review, policy dialogue and recommendations on economic, social and environmental issues, as well as implementation of internationally agreed development goals
A
Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)
18
Q
How many committee , org. etc come under Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)?
A
Sab bhai sab , jo jitna soch skte ho
(WHI , IMF , WB, WIPO , IMO , Human right ,ILO …… sab bc sab iske andar h)
19
Q
TrusteeShip Council was made under
A
UN Charter, under Chapter XIII
20
Q
Which is a non-self-governing territory placed under an administrative authority by the Trusteeship Council of the United Nations?
A
Trust territory
21
Q
The Trusteeship Council suspended operation on
A
1 November 1994
22
Q
___ is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations
A
International Court of Justice
began work in April 1946
23
Q
The ICJ is the successor of the
A
Permanent Court of International Justice (PCIJ)
was established by the League of Nations in 1920
24
Q
____ lists the negotiation, enquiry, mediation etc. methods for the pacific settlement of disputes between States
A
Article 33 of the United Nations Charter
25
Who was entrusted with preparing a draft Statute for the future international court of justice in 1945?
G.H. Hackworth (United States) committee
26
the International Court of Justice, meeting for the first time, elected as its President
Juudge José Gustavo Guerrero (El Salvador)
| last President of the PCIJ tha
27
Indian Judges at the ICJ
* Judge Dalveer Bhandari: Member of the Court since 27 April 2012
* Raghunandan Swarup Pathak: 1989-1991
* Nagendra Singh: 1973-1988
* Sir Benegal Rau: 1952-1953
28
The ____ comprises the ____ and tens of thousands of international UN staff members who carry out the day-to-day work of the UN as mandated by the General Assembly and the Organization's other principal organs.
Secretariat , Secretary-General
29
Who is chief administrative officer of the Organization?
The Secretary-General
* appointed by the General Assembly on the recommendation of the Security Council
* for a five-year, renewable term
30
Current Secretary General
Antonio Guterres as the 9th UN Secretary General (UNSG)
31
Which was created by the United Nations General Assembly in 1946, to provide emergency food and healthcare to children and mothers in countries that had been devastated by World War II?
United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)
| originally known: **UN International Children's Emergency Fund**
32
When did United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund renamed as UNICEF?
1953
33
UNICEF became a permanent part of the United Nations in
1953
34
UNICEF was awarded NOBEL in
Nobel Prize for Peace in 1965 for “promotion of brotherhood among the nations”
| Headquarters: New York City
35
UNICEF began its work in India in
1949
36
Which is the United Nations sexual and reproductive health agency?
United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)
| formerly called the United Nations Fund for Population Activities
37
UNFPA works directly to tackle Sustainable Development Goals on
health (SDG3), education (SDG4) and gender equality (SDG5)
38
When was UNFPA established?
* in 1967
* began operations in 1969
* In 1987, it was officially renamed the United Nations Population Fund
39
Which is the UN's global development network?
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
40
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) was established in
1965 by the General Assembly
41
UNDP publishes
Human Development Index
41
UNDP publishes
Human Development Index
42
Which is the world’s highest-level decision-making body on the environment?
United Nations Environment Assembly
* was created in June 2012,
* during the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, also referred to as RIO+20
43
Whichs a global environmental authority that sets the global environmental agenda, promotes the coherent implementation of the environmental dimension of sustainable development within the United Nations system?
United Nations Environment Programme (UN Environment)
| Headquarters: Nairobi, Kenya
44
____is the United Nations programme working towards a better urban future.
United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)
| HQ : NAirobi , Kenya
45
United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) was established in ___ as an outcome of the:
*1978*
* First UN Conference on Human Settlements and Sustainable Urban Development (Habitat I) in Vancouver, Canada, in 1976
46
____ is the leading humanitarian organization saving lives and changing lives, delivering food assistance in emergencies and working with communities to improve nutrition and build resilience
World Food Programme (WFP)
47
World Food Programme (WFP) was established by whom and when?
1963 by the FAO (The Food and Agriculture Organization) and the United Nations General Assembly
48
Which is an initiative of the United Nations World Food Programme (WFP)?
ShareTheMeal
| The app was launched in 2015
## Footnote
WFP has been working in India since 1963
49
WFP has been awarded with the
Nobel Prize for Peace 2020
50
India signed an agreement with the WFP for the distribution of____ that it has committed to sending to Afghanistan as part of a humanitarian assistance. Name it
Wheat Agreement: 50,000 MT of wheat
51
Which is a specialized agency of the United Nations that leads international efforts to defeat hunger.?
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
* created In Quebec City, Canada
* in 1945
* based in Rome (Italy)
52
World Food Day is celebrated every year on
16 October
53
India released a commemorative coin of ___ denomination to mark the 75th Anniversary of the FAO (16th October 2020)
Rs. 75
54
Who provides the principles and techniques of international air navigation and fosters the planning and development of international air transport to ensure safe and orderly growth?
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
* was established in 1944
* under Convention on International Civil Aviation (Chicago Convention)
* headquartered in Montreal, Canada
55
Which is a United Nations agency whose mandate is to advance social justice and promote decent work by setting international labour standards?
International Labour Organization (ILO)
* was created in 1919
* Treaty of Versailles
* became the first United Nations specialized agency in 1946
* HQ: Geneva , Swtitzerland
56
International Labour Organization (ILO) Received the Nobel Peace Prize in
1969
57
____ promotes application of an essential principle on which the International Labour Organization (ILO) was founded
Convention 144,1976
* also known as the Convention on Tripartite Consultation (International Labour Standards)
58
Which is the United Nations specialized agency with responsibility for the safety and security of shipping and the prevention of marine and atmospheric pollution by ships?
International Maritime Organization
* in 17 March 1948
* HQ : London, United Kingdom
59
Which is regarded as the most crucial treaty regarding safety at sea.?
IMO’s treaty, International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea
60
India joined the IMO in
1959
61
Which is aimed at ensuring that ships being recycled after reaching the end of their operational lives do not pose any unnecessary risks to human health, safety and the environment?
Hong Kong International Convention for the Safe and Environmentally Sound Recycling of Ships
| IMO adopted the Hong Kong Convention in 2009 , not yet in force
62
Which is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) that is responsible for issues that concern information and communication technologies (ICT)?
International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
* was founded in 1865
* HQ : Geneva, Switzerland
63
___ promotes industrial development for poverty reduction, inclusive globalisation and environmental sustainability
United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)
* HQ : Vienna, Austria.
* established in 1966
64
Which is the United Nations’ specialized agency for health?
World Health Organization (WHO)
* established in 1948
* HQ : Geneva , Switzerland
* began functioning on April 7, 1948
65
World Health Day
7 April
65
World Health Day
7 April
66
Which is WHO’s decision-making body attended by delegations from all of WHO’s member states?
World Health Assembly (WHA)
67
India became a party to the WHO on
12 January 1948
68
?? identifies diseases and pathogens that have the potential to cause a public health emergency but lack effective treatments and vaccines.
WHO’s R&D Blueprint
69
Who supports developing countries to access the benefits of a globalized economy more fairly and effectively & helps to use trade, investment, finance, and technology as vehicles for inclusive and sustainable development?
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
* established in 1964
* headquartered at Geneva in Switzerland
70
Which is a global leader in the fight against illicit drugs and international crime?
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)
* established in 1997
* is merger of United Nations Drug Control Programme and the Centre for International Crime Prevention
*
71
International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking is celebrated every year on
26th June
72
Who was created during the aftermath of the Second World War, to help millions of Europeans who had fled or lost their homes?
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
* created in 1950
73
UNHCR won the Nobel :
* In 1954, UNHCR won the Nobel Peace Prize for its groundbreaking work in Europe
* In 1981, it received a second Nobel Peace Prize
74
WHo define the term ‘refugee’ and outlines the rights of refugees, as well as the legal obligations of States to protect them?
The 1951 Refugee Convention and its 1967 Protocol
| by UNHRC
75
Which is the main economic and social development centre of the UN in the Asia and Pacific?
United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP)
* Established: 1947
* Headquarters: Bangkok, Thailand
76
What has been ratified by 146 States, which commits to prevent and punish actions of genocide in war and in peacetime?
1948 Genocide Convention
77
____ is known as the ""Uniting for peace resolution"" , was adopted in (?)
UN General Assembly resolution 377(V) in 1950
78
____ is known as the ""Uniting for peace resolution"" , was adopted in (?)
UN General Assembly resolution 377(V) in 1950
79
The first United Nations conference on the environment
Stockholm, 1972
80
The first world conference on women
Mexico City, 1985
81
first international conference on human rights
Teheran, 1968
82
first world population conference
Bucharest, 1974
83
first world climate conference
Geneva, 1979
84
____ has helped to enact dozens of legally binding agreements on political, civil, economic, social and cultural rights
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
| UN General Assembly adopted UDHR in 1948
85
The ____ , ratified by 189 countries, has helped to promote the rights of women worldwide
1979 UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women
86
___ which has gained nearly universal acceptance, provides the legal framework for all activities in the oceans and seas
1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea
87
___ is a Regional Institute of United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP) with a geographic focus of the entire Asia-Pacific region
Asian and Pacific Centre for Transfer of Technology (APCTT)
| founded in 1977 at New Delhi
88
The first ILO Office in India started in
1928
89
____ is to transform education policies and practices by developing innovative teaching and learning methods
UNESCO - Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Education for Peace and Sustainable Development (MGIEP)
| works for Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4.7
## Footnote
(SDG) 4.7 – “education for building peaceful and sustainable societies across the world”
90
The first review of SDGs (4.7) by MGIEP, was released in
Rethinking Schooling for the 21st century
91
A project ____ was launched by UNESCO-MGIEP with the UNESCO Asia and Pacific Regional Bureau for Education in 2016-17
'Rethinking Schooling'
92
A project ____ was launched by UNESCO-MGIEP with the UNESCO Asia and Pacific Regional Bureau for Education in 2016-17
'Rethinking Schooling'
93
?? has won United Nations (UN) Award for excellence in promoting investments in sustainable development-2018
Invest India
94
?? was elected the first woman President of the UN General Assembly
Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit , in 1953
95
?? grant the P5 (5 permanent members) veto over any amendments to the Charter, requiring them to approve of any modifications to the UNSC veto power that they themselves hold
Articles 108 and 109 of the United Nations Charter
96
International Equality Day
April 14
97
International Yoga Day
21 June
98
International day of non-violence
2Ocotber
99
____ is designed to promote its members' collective economic interests and create an enhanced joint negotiating capacity in the United Nations
Group of 77 (G-77)
* established on 15 June 1964
* by signing “Joint Declaration of the Seventy-Seven Developing Countries”
100
ALL HQ
[https://www.un.org/en/about-us/un-system](http://)
101
UN Security Council renews mandate of assistance mission for :
**Iraq** , named as : **UN Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI)**
* under Resolution 2631
* till May 31, 2023
102
The exercise will entail the conduct of counter terror operations under the United Nations mandate by a joint force against international terror groups for *India ad Russia*
Exercise Indra
| the first joint Tri-Services Exercise was conducted in 2017
## Footnote
The INDRA series of exercises began in 2003
