00 history

Question 1

programming paradigm

Answer 1

the way you structure code based on the what you are programming

Question 2

types of programming paradigms

Answer 2

imperative, structured, procedural, object-oriented, functional, event-drive, declarative, automata-based

Question 3

imperative paradigm

Answer 3

step by step instructions that the computer follows, most basic form

direct assignments, common data structures, global variables

Question 4

example of imperative paradigm

Answer 4

fortran, c, java, python

Question 5

structured paradigm

Answer 5

style of imperative with more readable/reusable code, bans goto and enforces function/block

structograms, indentation

Question 6

example of structured paradigm

Answer 6

c, java, python

Question 7

difference between imperative and structured

Answer 7

imperative -> loops, conditionals
structured -> functions, blocks

Question 8

procedural paradigm

Answer 8

reusable how to -> functions
helper functions and main logic

multiple small functions

Question 9

example of procedural

Answer 9

python

Question 10

is procedural a type of structured which is a type of imperative

Answer 10

yes

Question 11

object oriented paradigm

Answer 11

data -> objects that change through predefined methods only

encapsulation, polymorphism, inheritance

related to procedural

Question 12

example of object oriented

Answer 12

java -> classes
using getter methods to modify class objects in main

Question 13

functional

Answer 13

declarative -> what instead of how
filters data, immutable: data flows through the pipeline

related to declarative

Question 14

example of functional

Answer 14

erlang, elixir

Question 15

event driven

Answer 15

code executes in response to events
(mouse clicks, timer interrupts)

related to procedural and dataflow

Question 16

example of event driven

Answer 16

javascript, GUI button, main loop, event handlers, asynch processes (timer)

Question 17

declarative

Answer 17

defines program logic but not control flow -> specify WHAT not HOW

Question 18

example of declarative

Answer 18

SQL query

Question 19

automata based

Answer 19

programs -> model systems as state machines

related to event drive and imperative

Question 20

example of automata

Answer 20

network protocols

Question 21

fortran

Answer 21

formula translator

Question 22

cobol

Answer 22

common business oriented language

Question 23

LISP

Answer 23

List processing

first functional PL

Question 24

BASIC

Answer 24

beginners all-purpose symbolic instruction code

interactive shell user interaction -> for non stem students

Question 25

spaghetti code

Answer 25

no clear structure --> code that is hard to read and understand if you follow code, it resembles spaghetti

Question 26

example of spaghetti code

Answer 26

deeply nested conditionals, assembly, fortran

Question 27

what programming was a direct response to the issue of spaghetti code?

Answer 27

structured programming

Question 28

how did this program help prevent spaghetti code?

Answer 28

code executes line by line if else/switch for branching instead of goto iteration -> for/while loops single in single out: functions have one clear start and end

Question 29

structured program theorem

Answer 29

all computable functions can be computed with 3 single in and out control flow structures: 1. sequence (statements executed in order) 2. selection (if/else for branching) 3. iteration (while/for for loops)

Question 30

4 pillars of why OO

Answer 30

encapsulation polymorphism inheritance abstraction

Question 31

polymorphism

Answer 31

access objects of different types through same interface each type has own implementation of interface methods -> static: lets you have methods with same name and different parameters -> determines which one to call based on parameters dynamic: subclass overrides superclass method -> method overriding

Question 32

encapsulation

Answer 32

makes attributes and methods work as class while protecting attributes *car -> car runs, and user uses steering wheel, brake, gas etc without knowing how the car works

Question 33

inheritance

Answer 33

allows there to be class hierarchy -> classes can extend other classes and inherit those methods -> parent child classes

Question 34

abstraction

Answer 34

hiding complex implementation details and showing essential parts of object to simplify user interaction