01. Introduction to Biology

Question 1

What are the three primary branches of biology?

Answer 1

1. Zoology (study of animals)
2. Botany (study of plants)
3. Microbiology (study of microorganisms)

Question 2

What’s the branch of biology related to studying cells?

Answer 2

Cell Biology

Question 3

What’s the branch of biology related to studying tissues?

Answer 3

Histology

Question 4

What’s the branch of biology related to studying about the gross structure of the body?

Answer 4

Anatomy

Question 5

What’s the branch of biology related to studying the function of the body?

Answer 5

Physiology

Question 6

What’s the branch of biology related to studying biological molecules?

Answer 6

Biochemistry

Question 7

What’s the field of biology related to studying inheritance?

Answer 7

Genetics

Question 8

What’s the field of biology related to studying environment?

Answer 8

Ecology

Question 9

Name some issues pertaining to biology

Answer 9

1. Understanding biological diversity
2. Understanding human body and it’s functions
3. Sustainable use and management of natural resources and environment
4. Sustainable food production
5. Understanding plant life
6. Understanding diseases and causes
7. Solving some legal and ethical issues

Question 10

What are the characteristics of organisms?

Answer 10

1. Order and organization
2. Metabolism
3. Growth and development
4. Irritability
5. Adaptation
6. Reproduction
7. Heredity & evolution

Acronym : OMG! Ice Age Really Happend!

Question 11

Define Metabolism

Answer 11

The sum of all chemical activities taking place in an organism
(Anabolism + Catabolism)

Question 12

What is Biology?

Answer 12

Biology is a science which is focused on studying of living organisms

Question 13

What’s the meaning of biology? (deconstruct the words)

Answer 13

Bios : ‘Life’
Logos : ‘Study of’
Biology : Study of life

Question 14

How long ago did life appear on earth?

Answer 14

~3.5 billion years ago

Question 15

What characteristics are believed to be that of first organisms?

Answer 15

1. Heterotrophic
2. Anaerobic
3. Prokaryotes

Acronym : HAP

Question 16

What’s the meaning of heterotrophic?

Answer 16

“A type of organism that mainly eats and relies on other plants or animals for energy and nutrients.” -Byjus

“(of alivingthing) gettingit’s foodfrom otherplants oranimals, orrelatingto suchliving things” - Oxford Dict.

Question 17

How many species are there at present according to estimations?

Answer 17

~10 - over 100 million

Question 18

Name few environmental issues that occur due to over exploitation of natural resources

Answer 18

• Environmental pollution
• Loss of biodiversity
• Desertification

Question 19

What are the methods that can be applied to maintain sustainable food production?

Answer 19

• Production of high yielding varieties of plants and animals
• Production of disease resistant varieties of plants and animals
• Improve the post-harvest technological methods

Question 20

Name some legal issues which biology helps solving

Answer 20

• Parentage testing
• Criminal investigations
• Immigration disputes

Question 21

What’s the method used to solve legal issues with biology?

Answer 21

DNA fingerprinting

Question 22

What’s the meaning of growth?

Answer 22

An irreversible increase in dry mass

Question 23

What’s development?

Answer 23

Irriversible changes that occur during the lifespan of an organism

Question 24

What’s irritability?

Answer 24

The ability to respond to stimuli from both internal and external environment

Question 25

What's the meaning of **adaptation**?

Answer 25

**A peculiarity of structure, physiology or behavior that promotes the likelyhood of organism's survival and reproduction in a particular environment.**

Question 26

Define **reproduction**

Answer 26

**The ability to produce offspring for continuous existence of species**

Question 27

What's the function of **genes**? (Unit 01)

Answer 27

Passes down from one generation to the next and control specific physiological, morphological and behavioral characters of organisms

Question 28

Define **evolution**

Answer 28

**Ability of organisms to change overtime as a result of genetic modification**

Question 29

What's the basic structural and functional unit of life?

Answer 29

The cell

Question 30

Name the hierarchical levels of living things in order

Answer 30

- Molecules - Organelles - Cells - Tissues - Organs - Organ systems - Organisms - Populations - Communities - Ecosystems - Biosphere