01. Microscopy, Morphology and Motility of Microorganisms

Question 1

Deals with the form of microorganisms and the relationship of different structures to each other; contributes to the identification of microorganisms

Answer 1

morphology

Question 2

Prokaryotes: Domain

Answer 2

bacteria and archaea

Question 3

Do prokaryotes have a nucleus?

Answer 3

none

Question 4

Do prokaryotes have nucleus?

Answer 4

none

Question 5

Describe the chromosomes of prokaryotes.

Answer 5

closed and circular

Question 6

dsDNA that provides genetic
advantages (ex. antibiotic resistance)

Answer 6

plasmids

Question 7

All prokaryotes have plasmids.

Answer 7

false

Question 8

The plasmids of some prokaryotes are separate from their chromosomal DNA. True or False?

Answer 8

true

Question 9

Prokaryotes have nuclei and organelles. True or False?

Answer 9

false, they do not have nuclei and organelles.

Question 10

Main component(s) of a prokaryotic cell wall

Answer 10

peptidoglycan

Question 11

coccus

Answer 11

single spherical b.

Question 12

streptococci

Answer 12

chain of spherical b.

Question 13

staphylococci

Answer 13

grape-like clusters of spherical b.

Question 14

diplococci

Answer 14

paired spherical b.

Question 15

diplococci encapsulated

Answer 15

paired encapsulated spherical b.

Question 16

tetrad

Answer 16

four spherical b.

Question 17

sarcina

Answer 17

eight spherical b. with three planes of division

Question 18

cocobacillus

Answer 18

oblong-shaped b.

Question 19

bacillus

Answer 19

rod-shaped b.

Question 20

diplobacilli

Answer 20

paired rod-shaped b.

Question 21

streptobacilli

Answer 21

chain of rod-shaped b.

Question 22

palisade

Answer 22

rod-shaped b. lines side-by-side

Question 23

domain: eukaryotes

Answer 23

eukarya

Question 24

eukaryotic microorganisms

Answer 24

protists (protozoa, algae)
fungi

Question 25

Eukaryotes have membrane-bound cytoplasmic organelles and nucleus. True or False?

Answer 25

true

Question 26

Describe the DNA of eukaryotic bacteria.

Answer 26

linear; inside the nucleus

Question 27

Main component(s) of eukaryotic cell wall

Answer 27

cellulose chitin

Question 28

Animal-like protists

Answer 28

protozoa

Question 29

Protozoa: Unicellular or Multicellular?

Answer 29

unicellular

Question 30

Do Protozoans have cell wall?

Answer 30

none

Question 31

Structures that provide motility in Protozoans like Amoeba, Paramecia and Entamoeba

Answer 31

pseudopod cilia

Question 32

Plant-like protists

Answer 32

algae

Question 33

Algae: Unicellular or Multicellular?

Answer 33

both

Question 34

Algae are aquatic photosynthetic protists that have diverse morphology: filamentous, siphonous, colonial (e.g., Volvox, Euglena). True or False?

Answer 34

true

Question 35

Yeast (fungus) e.g., Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida : Unicellular or Multicellular?

Answer 35

unicellular

Question 36

Molds and Mushrooms (fungi) : Unicellular or Multicellular?

Answer 36

multicellular

Question 37

Multicellular fungi like molds and mushrooms have vegetative and reproductive structures. True or False?

Answer 37

true

Question 38

Multicellular fungi (molds and mushrooms) e.g., Rhizopus stolonifera, Coryceps: Cell wall component

Answer 38

chitin

Question 39

Sac or capsule that produces spores for reproduction in mushrooms

Answer 39

sporangium

Question 40

Long filamentous, thread-like structure in mushrooms

Answer 40

hyphae

Question 41

Mass of hyphae (mushrooms)

Answer 41

mycelium

Question 42

Structure that connects sporangiophores together in mushrooms

Answer 42

stolon

Question 43

Do molds have hyphae?

Answer 43

yes.

Question 44

Two types of hyphae

Answer 44

septate, aseptate

Question 45

Septate hyphae vs. Aseptate hyphae

Answer 45

with crosswalk vs no crosswall

Question 46

Erratic and random movement of microorganisms caused by collisions with molecules in a liquid

Answer 46

brownian movement

Question 47

Independent movement brought about by organs of locomotion or gliding; Directional and purposeful movement

Answer 47

true movement

Question 48

Bacterial Motility : Whip-like filamentous protein structures (helical and rigid)

Answer 48

flagella (zooflagellates)

Question 49

Bacterial Motility : Lashing, flexion extension motility

Answer 49

corkscrew motion

Question 50

Bacterial Motility : Translocation without external appendages

Answer 50

gliding motility

Question 51

Hair-like appendages

Answer 51

cilia (ciliates)

Question 52

Structure in bacteria for anchoring and pulling

Answer 52

pseudopods (sarcodines)