01.2 Origins of the Gametes Flashcards Preview

Reproductive System > 01.2 Origins of the Gametes > Flashcards

Flashcards in 01.2 Origins of the Gametes Deck (21)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

When does spermatogenesis begin?

A

Puberty

2
Q

When does oogenesis begin?

A

In the foetus

3
Q

What is the rate of spermatogenesis against oogenesis?

A

Spermatogenesis - 200mil daily

Oogenesis - 1 Ovum per 28 days

4
Q

How many spermatids are produced for every one primary spermatocyte?

A

4

5
Q

How many ova are produced for every one primary oocyte?

A

1 Ovum

3 Polar Bodies

6
Q

How long does gametogenesis continue for?

A

Males - Until Death

Females - Until menopause

7
Q

Where does meiosis 2 occur during oogenesis to form the ovum?

A

In the fallopian tube upon fertilisation

8
Q

What is the path that sperm travel along?

A

Seminiferous Tubules, Rete Testis, Ductus Efferentes, Epididymis, Vas Deferens

9
Q

Define Spermatogenic Cycle

A

Time taken for reappearance of the same stage within a given segment of the tubule (16 days)

10
Q

Define Spermatogenic Wave

A

Distance in space between the same stage (as the waves move forward like a corkscrew)

11
Q

Define Spermiation

A

Where spermatids are released into the lumen of the seminiferous tubules

12
Q

Define Spermiogenesis

A

The final stage of spermatogenesis where spermatids mature into spermatozoa

13
Q

What is capacitation of sperm?

A

Where the female genital tract stimulates :
Removal of glycoproteins and cholesterol from sperm
Activation of sperm signalling pathways
Allowing sperm to bind to zona pellucida and initiate the acrosome reaction

14
Q

What significance does the capacitation reaction have on sperm used for IVF?

A

Sperm must be incubated in capacitation media as fertilisation occurs outside of the female genital tract

15
Q

What are the three main stages that an oocyte develops through?

A

Preantral
Antral
Preovulatory

16
Q

What is the antrum?

A

Fluid filled space between the granulosa cells

17
Q

How many follicles reach maturity?

A

Usually only 1

18
Q

What causes the follicle to develop into the preovulatory stage?

A

LH surge

This causes meiosis 1 to complete

19
Q

At what stage in Meiosis 2 does the oocyte arrest in until fertilisation?

A

Metaphase

20
Q

What is the corpus luteum?

A

The remaining cells after ovulation

These produce the hormones oestrogen and progesterone and die if no fertilisation occurs

21
Q

What does the corpus luteum become after dieing?

A

Corpus Albicans