02

Question 1

This is known collectively as the human genome

Answer 1

DNA

Question 2

Large stretches of DNA in the human genome are transcribed but do not code for proteins and make up around 95% of the genome.

Answer 2

introns

Question 3

The process by which DNA is copied to RNA is called

Answer 3

transcription

Question 4

by which RNA is used to produce proteins is called

Answer 4

translation

Question 5

Each of these single strands acts as a template for a new strand of complementary DNA. As a result, each new cell has its own complete genome. This process is known as

Answer 5

DNA replication

Question 6

Replication is controlled by the _______-_____ pairing of the bases in the template strand with incoming deoxynucleoside triphosphates, and is directed by DNA polymerase enzymes

Answer 6

watson-crick

Question 7

The resulting short strands are called

Answer 7

okazaki fragments

Question 8

is the process by which DNA is copied (transcribed) to mRNA, which carries the information needed for protein synthesis

Answer 8

transcription

Question 9

The pre-messenger RNA is then “edited” to produce the desired mRNA molecule in a process called

Answer 9

RNA splicing

Question 10

what strand is used to generate the mRNA

Answer 10

template strand

Question 11

called the sense strand

Answer 11

nontemplate strand

Question 12

elongation process starts at?

Answer 12

3’ to 5’

Question 13

where does transcription occur?

Answer 13

nucleus

Question 14

has codons and anticodons

Answer 14

translation

Question 15

AUG UGC AAG UCC GGA CAG

Answer 15

mRNA

Question 16

UAC ACG UUC AGG CCU GUC

Answer 16

tRNA

Question 17

which strand carries amino acids?

Answer 17

tRNA

Question 18

where does translation occur?

Answer 18

cytoplasm

Question 19

AUG
UAC

Answer 19

methionine

Question 20

UGC
ACG

Answer 20

cystine

Question 21

AAG
UUC

Answer 21

lysine

Question 22

UCC
AGG

Answer 22

serine

Question 23

GGA
CCU

Answer 23

glysine

Question 24

CAG
GUC

Answer 24

glutamine

Question 25

both mRNA and tRNA results to?

Answer 25

completed polypeptide chain

Question 26

what is the start codon?

Answer 26

AUG

Question 27

stop codons are?

Answer 27

UAA UAG UGA

Question 28

unwinds the helix and separates the strands

Answer 28

helicase

Question 29

anneals RNA primers

Answer 29

primase

Question 30

copies each strand (once continuously on leading strand and Okazaki fragments on lagging strand)

Answer 30

polymerase III

Question 31

replaces the primers with DNA nucleotides

Answer 31

polymerase I

Question 32

seals everything up

Answer 32

ligase