02 Anatomical Language - How Do Clinicians Communicate

Question 1

Anterior view

• head
• neck
• root of the neck
• chest(thorax)
• abdomen
• the inguinal region
• pelvis and perineum

Answer 1

Posterior view

• back
• the axilla (Armpit)
• pelvis and perineum

Question 2

What are the three anatomical planes?

Answer 2

• sagittal plane
• coronal plane
• axial (transverse) plane

Question 3

Nearer to the front of the body

Answer 3

Anterior

Question 4

Near to the back of the body

Answer 4

Posterior

Question 5

Nearer to the top of the head

Answer 5

Superior or Cranial

Question 6

Nearer to the soles of the feet

Answer 6

Inferior or caudal

Question 7

Nearer to the midline or median plane

Answer 7

Medial

Question 8

Further from the midline or medial plane

Answer 8

Lateral

Question 9

Nearer to the attachment of the limb to the body

Answer 9

Proximal

Question 10

Further from the attachment of the limb to the body

Answer 10

Distal

Question 11

Nearer to the surface of the body

Answer 11

Superficial

Question 12

Further from the surface of the body

Answer 12

Deep

Question 13

Further from centre of body or organ

Answer 13

External

Question 14

Nearer to centre of body or organ

Answer 14

Internal

Question 15

Relatively large structure is a ____ structure

Answer 15

Major

Question 16

Relatively smaller structure is a _______ structure

Answer 16

Minor

Question 17

Term relating to the back or posterior of a structure

Answer 17

Dorsal

Question 18

Structure normally found only on one side of the body

Answer 18

Unilateral

Question 19

Normally paired structures

Answer 19

Bilateral

Question 20

Single structure located at or near the midline/median plane

Answer 20

Midline

Question 21

Structures lies on the same side of the body as the other structure or location it is being compared to
‘We can speak of the ______ limb’

Answer 21

Ipsilateral

Question 22

Structure lies on the opposite side of the body to the other structure or location it is being compared to
‘We can speak of the ______ eye’

Answer 22

Contralateral

Question 23

Decreasing the angle between the bones at a joint

Answer 23

Flexion

Question 24

Increasing the angle between the bones at a joint

Answer 24

Extension

Question 25

Movement away from the median plane

Answer 25

Abduction

Question 26

Movement towards the median plane

Answer 26

Adduction

Question 27

Anterior surface of a limb rotates towards the median plane

Answer 27

Internal/medial rotation

Question 28

Anterior surface of a limb rotates away from the median plane

Answer 28

External/lateral rotation

Question 29

Circular motion at a joint

Answer 29

Circumduction

Question 30

All ______ movements at joints superior to the knee joint are ________

Answer 30

Anterior, flexions

Question 31

From the knee joint to the tips of the toes, all ______ movements are _______

Answer 31

Anterior, extensions

Question 32

Movement terms specific to the foot : Sole of the foot rotates away from the median plane such that the sole faces laterally

Answer 32

Eversion

Question 33

Movement terms specific to the foot : The sole of the foot rotates towards the median plane such that the sole faces medially

Answer 33

Inversion

Question 34

Movement terms specific to the Forearm: anterior surface of the forearm rotates such that the palm of the hand faces posteriorly

Answer 34

Pronation (internal rotation)

Question 35

Movement terms specific to the Forearm: the forearm rotates from the pronated position back into the anatomical position

Answer 35

Supination (external rotation)

Question 36

Movement terms specific to the Forearm: the forearm is in a _______ orientation while in the anatomical position

Answer 36

Supinated

Question 37

Movement terms specific to the Forearm: term used commonly to describe the position of the forearm hand midway between the supine and prone positions

Answer 37

Semi-prone

Question 38

Movement terms specific to the thumb: | Abduction

Answer 38

Taking the thumb anteriorly away from the palm

Question 39

Movement terms specific to the thumb: adduction

Answer 39

Adding the thumb posteriorly back to the palm after abduction

Question 40

Movement terms specific to the thumb: extension

Answer 40

Taking the thumb laterally away from and in the coronal plane of the palm

Question 41

Movement terms specific to the thumb: flexion

Answer 41

Folding the thumb across and into the coronal plane of the palm

Question 42

Elevation

Answer 42

Superior movement

Question 43

Depression

Answer 43

Inferior movement

Question 44

Protraction of jaw or shoulders

Answer 44

Anterior movement

Question 45

Retraction of jaw or shoulders

Answer 45

Posterior movement