021115 male prostate pathology Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 021115 male prostate pathology Deck (15)
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1
Q

zone where most cancer in the prostate occurs

A

peripheral zone (posterior)

2
Q

zone where benign hyperplasia (BPH) occurs in prostate

A

transition zone

3
Q

normal prostate on histology

A

double layer of cells-secretory and basal

basal stem cells are absent in prostate cancer

4
Q

acute and chronic prostatis’ effect on serum PSA

A

can raise the serum PSA above normal

5
Q

what accounts for 95% of prostatitis?

A

chronic nonbacterial prostatitis-prostatitis w/o UTI or positive cultures. possible organisms are chlamydia trachomatis, ureaplasma urealyticum, trichomonas vaginalis

6
Q

BPH

A

proliferation of the GLANDS and STROMA in transition zone of the prostate (wraps around the urethra)

is androgen-DEPENDENT. chiefly caused by DHT

PSA can be mildly elevated. neither sensitive nor specific (PSA elevated in inflam, cancer too). rarely increases PSA to over 10

7
Q

symptoms of BPH

A

urinary frequency
incomplete emptying
nocturia
dysuria

8
Q

tx for BPH

A

resection

medications

9
Q

what is the precursors to invasive cancer of prostate?

A

high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia

10
Q

incidence of prostate cancer by age

A

increases after 40s

11
Q

risk factor for prostate cancer

A

family hx of prostate cancer

African American men

12
Q

what is key consideration for management and prognosis of prostate cancer?

A

whether tumor has gotten outside of the prostate–which would be stage T3 and beyond

13
Q

prostate cancer spreads to where often?

A

seminal vesicles

14
Q

when prostate cancer spreads to bones, what can you see?

A

low back/pelvic pain
serum prostate alkaline phosphatase is increased
serum PSA markedly increased

15
Q

BPH is not a risk factor for prostate cancer: true or false

A

true