0225 Cell nutrients Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 0225 Cell nutrients Deck (9)
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1
Q

List the 4 major macronutrients

A

Protein, Carbohydrates, Fats and Alcohol

2
Q

What is a macronutrient

A

Chemical compounds humans consume in the largest quantities and which provide energy

3
Q

What is a micronutrient

A

Chemical element or substance required in trace amounts for the normal growth and development but does not yield energy

4
Q

List the 3 types of micronutrients

A

Vitamins, minerals and trace elements

5
Q

What are the 2 categories of vitamins and list some examples of each

A

Fat soluble vitamins = dissolved in fat, stored in the liver and don’t require daily replenishment (e.g. vitamins A, D, E and K). Water soluble vitamins = highly soluble, require daily replenishment in your body (e.g. vitamin C)

6
Q

What are the 3 types of nutrients found in our diet

A

Macronutrients, micronutrients, non-nutrients

7
Q

What is a non-nutrient? An example of a non-nutrient

A

Physiologically active compounds in foods that provide benefits but are not essential nutrients (e.g. Phytochemicals (in plants) and zoochemicals (in animals) )

8
Q

What is the difference between starch vs fibre

A

Both starch and fibre are polysaccharides but starch has a bond that human anzymes can breakdown whereas fibres has a bond that can’t be broken down

9
Q

What are saturated, monosaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids

A

Saturated = no double bonds. Monounsaturated = one double bond. Polyunsaturated = several double bonds