03 - other gi disorders

Question 1

(equine gastric ulcer syndrome)

1. erosion of gastric mucosal lining; prolonged exposure to the acid
2. variable degrees of severity: no ulceration to widespread erosion and bleeding -> can get perforation if really bad

Question 2

(Equine gastric ulcer syndrome)

Cx

partial anorexia, w/ or w/o bruxism, colic, poor performance, poor haircoat, wt loss

Question 3

(Equine gastric ulcer syndrome)

(dx)

1. everything normal usually…

so use what?

Answer 3

1. gastroscopy

Question 4

(Equine gastric ulcer syndrome)

(tx)

(diet mgmt)

1. feed diet low in what?

Answer 4

1. carbohydrates

(give good quality hay, alfalfa)

Question 5

(Equine gastric ulcer syndrome)

(tx)

(meds)

1. what two meds used?

Answer 5

1. histamine-2 antagonists (cimentidine, ranitidine)
2. PPI (omeprazole): takes a little while to start working

so give histamine-2 antagonists until good blood levels of omeprazole are achieved

Question 6

(intraluminal obstruction)

1. pain results from mucosal irritation or gas/fluid accumulation orad to obstruction

Question 7

(intraluminal obstruction)

(impaction)

1. what are the five common sites?

Answer 7

1. ileum
2. ileocecal jxn
3. cecum
4. large colon-pelvic flexure
5. small colon

Question 8

(extraluminal obstruction - nonstrangulating obstruction)

1. pain from mesenteric tension or gas-fluid builup orad

Question 9

(extraluminal obstruction - nonstrangulating obstruction)

(colon displacement)

1-2. what are the two kinds?

Answer 9

1. nephrosplenic entrapment-left dorsal displacement
2. right dorsal displacement

Question 10

(extraluminal obstruction - nonstrangulating obstruction)

1. early small intenstinal entrapment
   yeah. ..

Question 11

(inflammation)

1. all GI disease results in inflammation

Question 12

(infection)

1. usually presents how?

Answer 12

1. diarrhea or reflux with associated signs of colic

Question 13

(infection)

1-5. what are the five major pathogens?

Answer 13

1. salmonella spp.
2. clostridium difficile
3. clostridium perfringens
4. neorickettsia risticii (potomac horse fever)
5. rotavirus

Question 14

(ulceration)

1. loss of mucosal lining…
2. lesions most commonly occur where?

Answer 14

2. squamous portion at margo plicatus

Question 15

(ulceration)

(gastric ulcers)

1. assoc with what five things?

Answer 15

feed deprivation

NSAIDs

low roughage diets

stress

enterocolitis (foals)

Question 16

(ulceration)

(colonic ulcers)

1. aka what?
2. assoc with use of what?
3. signs include fever, colic, and diarrhea

Answer 16

1. right dorsal colitis
2. NSAIDs

Question 17

(thromboembolism)

1. pain results from what?

Answer 17

1. ischemic necrosis

Question 18

(thromboembolism)

(strongylus vulgaris - large stongyles)

1. larvave migrate to where?
2. chronic inflammation and builup of larvae result in what?
3. uncommon since introduction of what drug?

Answer 18

1. cranial mesenteric artery
2. occlusion of artery and loss of blood suplly to intestine
3. ivermectin

Question 19

(thromboembolism)

(systemic inflammatory response syndrome)

1. DIC can result in emboli formation in smaller mesenteric arteries

Question 20

(neoplasia)

1. often presents how?

Answer 20

1. wt loss despite a good appetite

Question 21

what is the most common intestinal neoplasia in horses?

usually affects what age horse?

infiltration of what?

Answer 21

lymphosarcoma

younger

small intestine

(can also get gastric SCC - primary or mets)

Question 22

(equine esophageal obstruction: choke)

1. causes sudden discomfort and anxiety
2. often result of overzealous appetite
3. beet pulp and incompletely chewed hay are ofen involved

Question 23

(esophageal obstruction: choke)

Question 24

(esophageal obstruction: choke)