0325 Flashcards
hustle
If you add up how much you read in a year on the Internet - tweets, Facebook posts, lists - you’ve read the equivalent of a shit tons od books, but in fact you’ve read no books in a year. When I look back on it, that’s what hustling was. It’s maximal effort put into minimal gain. It’s a hamster wheel. If I’d put all that energy into study I ‘ve earned an MBA.
Hustlinbg is to work what surfing the Internet is to reading.
hus‧tle1 /ˈhʌsəl/ verb (hustled, hustling)
1 [transitive] to make someone move quickly, especially by pushing them roughly
hustle somebody into/out of/through etc something
I was hustled out of the building by a couple of security men.
hustle somebody away
He was hustled away by police officers.
2 [intransitive] American English to do something with a lot of energy and determination
Cindy’s not a great player, but she really hustles.
3 [intransitive] American English to hurry in doing something or going somewhere
We need to hustle if we’re going to make this flight.
4 [intransitive, transitive] American English to sell or obtain things in an illegal or dishonest way
thieves hustling stolen goods on the street
5 [intransitive] American English informal to work as a prostitute, or to be in charge of prostitutes
hustle
• Come on, guys, let’s hustle!
• He stumbled on it, almost fell, then picked up the front of it and hustled after his friends.
• He was in the right place at the right time and hustling as he usually does.
• We hustled back to the car.
• I don’t like answering the phone during dinner just to be hustled by some stranger.
• Martin seized her arm and hustled her away.
• Two policemen quickly appeared and hustled him out.
• The two men were hustled into a police van and driven away.
• If my wife and I hustle, it takes us fifteen minutes just to unload it all from the trailer.
• Plus hustling l aura Smolensky is not cheap.
• Kent were hustled out for 196.
• Police forced the relatives to the ground before hustling them out of Liverpool Crown Court.
• He was hustled up to London to have his head cut off with less mercy than we would treat a chicken.
hustle2 noun [uncountable]
1 busy and noisy activity
the hustle and bustle of the market place
2 American English ways of getting money that involve cheating or deceiving people
3 American English when someone does something quickly, with a lot of effort and eagerness
The team has a lot of talent but no hustle.
hustle and bustle
• Where Sampras plodded, Agassi hustled and bustled through to the second round like a man in a hurry.
• But Tranmere were not all hustle and bustle.
• Life was terribly hectic in the city, she thought, all hustle and bustle.
• We very rarely saw the governor - especially late afternoon or evening - and there was a lot of hustle and bustle.
• She enjoyed all the hustle and bustle of people and music.
• A school-age child has trouble concentrating in the class-room because she is overwhelmed by the hustle and bustle.
• The Pátio is an interesting oasis in which to rest from the hustle and bustle of Funchal.
• I was tired of the hustle and bustle of New York.
• The hustle and bustle of modern life occurs in the shadow of history.
Origin hustle1 (1600-1700) Dutch husselen “to shake”
desecrate
consecrate
sacrilege
You’ve desecrated the community.
des‧e‧crate /ˈdesɪkreɪt/ verb [transitive]
to spoil or damage something holy or respected
—desecration /ˌdesɪˈkreɪʃən/ noun [uncountable]
Examples from the Corpus
desecrate
• It is then that the atmosphere of peace becomes tinged with a sense of sadness at such a loss … beauty desecrated.
• Kelly’s grave was also desecrated.
• Most of the Egyptian tombs were desecrated and robbed.
• The church had been desecrated by vandals.
• Yet he hated to think of Wheeler, who represented everything bogus and hollow, desecrating his beloved church.
• Other new signs posted to describe scenery have been desecrated or struck down.
• Three skinheads admitted desecrating over 100 graves.
• Never mind that he desecrated their spirit.
Origin desecrate (1600-1700) de- + consecrate
con‧se‧crate /ˈkɒnsəkreɪt $ ˈkɑːn-/ verb [transitive]
1 to officially state in a special religious ceremony that a place or building is holy and can be used for religious purposes
The bones will be reburied in consecrated ground.
2 to officially state in a special religious ceremony that someone is now a priest, bishop etc
—consecration /ˌkɒnsəˈkreɪʃən $ ˌkɑːn-/ noun [uncountable]
Origin consecrate (1300-1400) Latin past participle of consecrare, from com- ( → COM-) + sacrare ( → SACRED)
sac‧ri‧lege /ˈsækrəlɪdʒ/ noun [countable, uncountable]
1 when someone treats something holy in a way that does not show respect
2 when someone treats something that another person thinks is very important or special without enough care or respect
it is sacrilege (for somebody) to do something
It’s sacrilege to even think of destroying that lovely building.
—sacrilegious /ˌsækrəˈlɪdʒəs◂/ adjective
sacrilege
• But Cizek never on any account draws on a child’s drawing; that would be a sacrilege.
• Putting them to any secular use was considered sacrilege and was punishable by death.
• Your colleague, it seems, must suffer the punishment set for sacrilege by the Askonian code.
• After his lying here smelling this bad for three days filling up with crabs, any rites at all is sacrilege.
• Sending a guest away with no food is sacrilege to my mother.
• It seemed a kind of sacrilege thus to arrange it and pull it about.
• The thieves, however, were soon punished for the sacrilege.
• This is not the sacrilege some have made it out to be.
Origin sacrilege (1300-1400) Old French Latin sacrilegium, from sacer ( → SACRED) + legere “to gather, steal”
sabotage
salvage
He sabotaged himself so that he’d get accepted back into the group again.
sab‧o‧tage1 /ˈsæbətɑːʒ/ verb [transitive]
1 to secretly damage or destroy equipment, vehicles etc that belong to an enemy or opponent, so that they cannot be used
Every single plane had been sabotaged.
2 to deliberately spoil someone’s plans because you do not want them to succeed
Demonstrators have sabotaged the conference.
Examples from the Corpus
sabotage
• The plane’s landing gear had been sabotaged.
• Security lighting was sabotaged before the theft took place.
• The railway line had been sabotaged by enemy commandos.
• Some smashing clips were sabotaged by the usual sloppy Watchmaker research.
• Her father sabotaged her acting ambitions by refusing to let her go to drama school.
• Mitchell accused the party of trying to sabotage his campaign.
• Executives said there can be no compensation because the well was sabotaged, something community leaders reluctantly acknowledged.
• Because it can not cope with so many messages, its only recourse is to sabotage the airwaves themselves.
• The attack is being seen as a deliberate attempt to sabotage the peace talks.
• Gesner was obviously determined to sabotage the whole Season.
sabotage2 noun [uncountable]
deliberate damage that is done to equipment, vehicles etc in order to prevent an enemy or opponent from using them
The terrorists were planning acts of sabotage to destabilize the country.
industrial sabotage
sabotage
• Armed soldiers patrol the airbase to guard against sabotage.
• Their acts of blockade and sabotage had been only sporadic: their chief action was simply to be there.
• Experts believed the crash to be due to pilot error, and sabotage was virtually ruled out of the investigation.
• I do not believe his sabotage notion for one moment.
• They wore army fatigues and played brooding games of gin rummy, listening to dull rumbles from the sabotage site.
• Ditto with the sabotage of an Amtrak train near Phoenix six months later.
• The rebels stopped their sabotage of the power distribution network.
• If there is no scientific mystery, then sabotage is the only explanation.
acts of sabotage
• Each pledged to desist from slander, vilification and acts of sabotage.
• Now that the partisans were well organized in the Province of Parma they committed many acts of sabotage.
• It accused Mr Mandela of carrying out acts of sabotage on dates when he was in prison.
• I repeat that we deal here with speech alone, not with speech plus acts of sabotage or unlawful conduct.
Origin sabotage2 (1800-1900) French saboter “to walk along noisily, do work badly, sabotage”, from sabot “wooden shoe”
unconscionable
Because if white people ever saw black people as human, they would see that slavery is unconscionable.
un‧con‧scion‧a‧ble /ʌnˈkɒnʃənəbəl $ -ˈkɑːn-/ adjective formal
much more than is reasonable or acceptable
The war caused an unconscionable amount of suffering.
—unconscionably adverb
Examples from the Corpus
unconscionable
• I think a “not guilty” verdict in this case would be unconscionable.
• He was fearless in his attacks on public figures whose actions he considered unconscionable.
• Attempts to reconcile these two decisions have expanded human ingenuity and expended an unconscionable amount of time, effort and paper.
• There were also the personal matters, which, as every young person knows, consume an unconscionable amount of time.
• It was also necessary to show unconscionable conduct etc.
• Yet almost every case brought by individuals against corporations requires the individual to battle these unconscionable costs and delays.
• The community is not bound to provide what is in effect a subsidy for unconscionable employers.
• The defendants’ conduct was not unconscionable, nor an interference with any legal or equitable right of the plaintiffs.
Origin unconscionable (1500-1600) conscionable “acceptable” ((16-21 centuries)), from conscion, taken as a singular form of conscience
ramification
We live in a world where we don’t see the ramifications of what we do to others, because we don’t live with them.
ram‧i‧fi‧ca‧tion /ˌræmɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ noun [countable usually plural] formal
an additional result of something you do, which may not have been clear when you first decided to do it → implications, implication
an agreement which was to have significant ramifications for British politics
ramification of
the practical ramifications of taking on a new job
legal/political/economic etc ramifications
the environmental ramifications of the road-building program
Examples from the Corpus
ramification
• Given the serious clinical ramifications, most attention has been justifiably directed at determining whether antihypertensive treatments are carcinogenic.
• Meanwhile, the huge snowstorm that hit the East Coast Sunday is having credit ramifications for many municipalities.
• The full ramifications are well beyond the scope of this chapter.
• This ongoing evolution of the Internet has ramifications for the types of commercial activities it can offer.
• He reminds us that safety lapses can have ramifications beyond ourselves.
• As yet nobody knows what its ramifications will be, though it is clear they will be enormous.
• The political ramifications of resourcing and decision-making likewise can not be ignored.
• The McVeigh case must be regarded as a watershed, both in terms of its specific ramifications and its general implications.
• At the time, I was not aware of the ramifications of my actions.
have … ramifications
• He reminds us that safety lapses can have ramifications beyond ourselves.
• The decision is likely to have ramifications in the chains v independents war that stretch beyond the world of bookselling.
• This strange, unsolicited statement was to have further ramifications later on.
• The potential for a recession across most regions of the world will have ramifications for the prospects of expatriates in gainful employment.
noun
a consequence of an action or event, especially when complex or unwelcome.
“any change is bound to have legal ramifications”
Similar: consequence, result, aftermath, outcome,effect,upshot,issue,sequel, complication, development, implicationproduct, byproduct,outgrowth,spin-off
a subdivision of a complex structure or process perceived as comparable to a tree’s branches.
“an extended family with its ramifications of neighboring in-laws”
FORMAL•TECHNICAL
the action or state of ramifying or being ramified.
“a coronary angiogram showed ramification of the right coronary artery close to the ostium”
rep
We were going there repping our hood.
act as a sales representative for a company or product.
“at eighteen she was working for her dad, repping on the road”
rep /rep/ noun
1 [countable] informal a sales representative
2 [countable] someone who speaks officially for a company, organization, or group of people SYN representative
staff/union/company etc rep
You need to speak to the students’ rep.
Safety reps have the right to stop the job when workers are in danger.
3 [countable] American English a representative
4 [countable, uncountable] repertory, or a repertory theatre or company
Most actors start off in rep.
5 [countable] American English spoken a reputation
6 [countable] one exercise that you do in a series of exercises SYN repetition
Do 15 reps of each exercise.
Examples from the Corpus
rep
• Coincidentally they received a phone call from a double glazing company to see if a rep could call round.
• In addition, three Askews’ reps will combine forces with Chivers’ force of two, to represent Chivers to libraries.
• Williams has a bad rep, both on and off the field.
• MTV reps confirmed that the station will not show the video.
• I had lots of new reps and I wanted them to be successful.
• Fox was one of two player reps who voted against the collective bargaining agreement.
• When I called the sales rep said it hadn’t been dispatched.
• It’s probably due to all those sales reps in their Sierras and Cavaliers.
• I go through the reps to do that.
• It gives me credibility with the reps.
snobbish
Soweto was seen as the snobish township.
snob‧bish /ˈsnɒbɪʃ $ ˈsnɑː-/ (also snobby /ˈsnɒbi $ ˈsnɑː-/) adjective
behaving in a way that shows you think you are better than other people because you are from a higher social class or know more than they do
Her family seems snobbish.
—snobbishly adverb
—snobbishness noun [uncountable]
Examples from the Corpus
snobbish
• We thought this rather a joke but his concern was academic, not snobbish.
• Aunt Harriet was very rich and very snobbish.
• He was a cheapskate of Scroogelike dimensions, vengeful and snobbish.
• She’s very snobbish about people who live in the suburbs.
• I would have been insufferably snobbish and complacent.
• his snobbish attitude to soap operas on TV
• Some people find her snobbish, but she’s really just shy.
• Pip now falls into a snobbish habit of connecting high social status with moral superiority.
• Snobbish home-owners are protesting about a refugee family moving into their street.
• He does not think much of the Midwest, which he calls a backward, dumb but snobbish place.
• He found the Etonians snobbish, shallow, seemingly unprepared for the world as it was being transformed by the war.
• She knew it was snobbish, that she was just like any other package holiday-maker.
• Some of my friends thought I was snobbish to come here, because they charge tuition and everything
snob /snɒb $ snɑːb/ ●○○ noun [countable]
1 someone who thinks they are better than people from a lower social class – used to show disapproval
Stop being such a snob.
I don’t want to sound like a snob, but I thought she was vulgar.
2 someone who thinks they are better than other people because they know more about something – used to show disapproval
a bunch of intellectual snobs
music/wine snob
3 → snob value/appeal
Examples from the Corpus
snob
• Since going to university he’d become a snob, embarrassed of his family.
• And I had to say yes, because I didn’t want to be called a snob too.
• I don’t want to sound like a snob, but I found the decor vulgar.
• Warren is from an upper middleclass Connecticut family; he’s a bit of a snob.
• I don’t want to sound a snob but I thought it vulgar.
• My mother was such a snob she wouldn’t let me play with the local children.
• Perhaps it’s mountain snobbery to wish to avoid such a crowd, and if so then I am a mountain snob.
• They’re just a bunch of snobs - you wouldn’t want to be friends with them anyway.
• It has all of the requisite sand, surf, sun, snobs and sin to go along with its saucy swimwear.
• She did not want to cultivate the snob image.
• The overall results were even worse than that, at least for Europhiles and wine snobs everywhere.
• Ronald McDonald is wearing a suit and one of the oldest vineyards in Napa is making fun of wine snobs.
music/wine snob
• The overall results were even worse than that, at least for Europhiles and wine snobs everywhere.
• Ronald McDonald is wearing a suit and one of the oldest vineyards in Napa is making fun of wine snobs.
Origin snob (1800-1900) snob “shoemaker, person of low social rank” ((18-19 centuries))
gritty
Alexandra was seen as the gritty and dirty township.
1 showing determination and courage
Henin gave a typically gritty performance, coming back from 4–0 down.
her gritty determination
2 showing a difficult or unpleasant situation as it really is
Billingham’s pictures have a gritty realism which can be almost upsetting.
3 containing grit or covered in grit
Gritty soil had got under her nails.
hoodlum
Bunch of fucking hoodlums.
a criminal, often a young person, who does violent or illegal things SYN gangster
euphemism
“Spot fine” is the euphemism everyone uses.
eu‧phe‧mis‧m /ˈjuːfəmɪzəm/ noun [countable]
a polite word or expression that you use instead of a more direct one to avoid shocking or upsetting someone
‘Pass away’ is a euphemism for ‘die’.
Examples from the Corpus
euphemism
• “Pass away” is a euphemism for “die.”
• Frank lists examples of this craze for economic euphemisms with a mixture of horrified amazement and scorn.
• But a recent desire for euphemism by Procter and Gamble strikes me as a possible exception to my rule.
• This is not just a liberal euphemism for the city’s ethnic diversity.
• Both had clearly spent the morning raiding the dictionary of euphemism.
• Leg theory or fast leg theory were the euphemisms used.
• But these euphemisms never really fitted the bill.
• These euphemisms are accepted at face value-to the benefit of those labeled by them.
Origin euphemism (1500-1600) Greek euphemismos, from euphemos “sounding good”, from pheme “speech”
