[06] Disorders of the Urinary System Flashcards
What are some common disorders of the urinary system?
- Kidney stones
- Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD)
- Urinary incontinence
- Interstitial cystitis
What is a kidney stone?
A hard deposit of minerals and salts that form inside the kidneys
What is a urinary tract infection (UTI)?
An infection that can occur anywhere along the urinary tract
What is chronic kidney disease (CKD)?
A long-term condition where the kidneys don’t work as well as they should
What is urinary incontinence?
A loss of bladder control resulting in the involuntary release of urine
What is interstitial cystitis?
A chronic, painful bladder condition
What causes kidney stones?
- Dehydration
- High protein diet
- Obesity
- Certain genetic factors
What are common symptoms of a UTI?
- A burning feeling during urination
- A frequent urge to urinate
- Cloudy, strong-smelling urine
- Lower abdominal pain
What factors can contribute to the development of CKD?
- Diabetes
- High blood pressure
- Heart disease
- A family history of kidney failure
What are some potential treatments for urinary incontinence?
- Lifestyle modifications (e.g., fluid management)
- Bladder training
- Pelvic floor muscle exercises
- Medication
- Surgery
What are the symptoms of interstitial cystitis?
- Chronic pelvic pain
- A persistent, urgent need to urinate
- Frequent urination
- Pain or discomfort while the bladder fills
What are kidney stones composed of?
- Calcium
- Oxalate
- Uric acid
- Struvite
- Cystine
How can UTIs be prevented?
- Drinking plenty of fluids
- Urinating regularly
- Wiping from front to back after using the toilet
- Emptying the bladder before and after sexual activity
How is CKD diagnosed?
- Blood tests
- Urine tests
- Imaging tests
- Kidney tissue sampling
What are some risk factors for urinary incontinence?
- Age
- Being female
- Obesity
- Smoking
- Family history
