08: Bituminous Concrete

Question 1

These are strong cements, durable, highly waterproof, and readily adhesive

Answer 1

Bituminous Concrete

Question 2

These are also highly resistant to the action of most acids, alkalis, and salts.

Answer 2

Bituminous Concrete

Question 3

This type of material is widely used in construction projects from building to highway and heavy construction.

Answer 3

Bituminous Concrete

Question 4

An Example of Natural Asphalt

Answer 4

The Pitch Lake of Trinidad Island in LA, California

Question 5

Rock asphalt are asphalt ___ in ____ rocks

Answer 5

Impregnated, Porous

Question 6

A dark brown to black cementious material, solid or semi-solid in consistency in which the predominating constituents are bitumen which occur in nature as such or are obtained as residue in refining petroleum.

Soluble in most petroleum product

Answer 6

Asphalt

Question 7

A brown or black bituminous material, liquid or semi-solid in conssitency, in which the predominating constituents are bitumen obtained as condensates in the destructive distillation of coal, petroleum, wood, or other organic materials.

Resistant to petroleum-based solvents
Lower in content of bitumen compared to asphalt

Answer 7

Tar

Question 8

To eliminate the need to heat the asphalt to a liquid before it can be used in construction, the cement can be modified into a ____ and _____

Answer 8

Term: Liquid Asphalt
For Blank: Cutback Asphalt, Emulsified Asphalt

Question 9

The ___ are produced by cutting the asphalt cement with petroleum solvent.

Answer 9

Cutback Liquid Asphalt (or Asphalt Cutbacks)

Question 10

Classification of Asphalt Cutbacks in terms of relative speed of evaporation of the solvent

Answer 10

Rapid Curing (RC)
Medium Curing (MC)
Slow Curing (SC)

Question 11

Asphalt cement in a volatile solvent in the gasoline or naphtha boiling range.

Answer 11

Rapid Curing (RC)

Question 12

Asphalt cement and a solvent in the kerosene boiling range.

Answer 12

Medium Curing (MC)

Question 13

Asphalt cement and an oily solvent which has low volatility.

Answer 13

Slow Curing (SC)

Question 14

___ are produced by separating the hot asphalt cement into minute globules and dispering them in water that has been treated with emulsifying agent.

Answer 14

Emulsified Asphalt (or Asphalt Emulsions)

Question 15

In asphalt emulsion, this works best with positive charged aggregates such as limestone and dolomite.

Answer 15

Anionic (negative charge)

Question 16

In asphalt emulsion, this works best with siliceous and wet aggregates.

Answer 16

Cationic (positive charge)

Question 17

Classification of Asphalt Emulsions

Answer 17

Grade - Anionic - Cationic
Rapid Setting - RS - CRS
Medium Setting - MS - CMS
Slow Setting - SS - CSS

Question 18

General term referring to any pavement that has surface constructed with asphalt.

Answer 18

Asphalt Pavements

Question 19

Normally, it consists of a surface (layer) of mineral aggregate coated and cemented with asphalt and one or more supporting courses which may be following types:

Answer 19

Asphalt Pavements Types:
Asphalt Base (Asphalt-Aggregate Mixture)
Crushed Stone (Rock), Slag, or Gravel
Portland Cement Concrete
Old Brick or Stone Block Pavements

Question 20

In Asphalt Pavements, the upper or top layer is ___

Answer 20

Asphalt Wearing Surface

Question 21

It may range from less than 1 inch to several inches in thickness, depending on a variety of design factors.

Answer 21

Asphalt Pavements (Asphalt Wearing Surface Layer)

Question 22

Generally, it is preferred to treat the granular material used in bases. The most common treatment is to mix asphalt, thus producing an asphalt base. A ___ thickness of asphalt base is about equal to a ____ thickness of untreated granular base when it comes to load-carrying performance.

Answer 22

1-inch, 2-inch to 3-inch

Question 23

When the entire pavement above the subgrade consists of asphalt mixtures, it is called ____. This is generally considered the most modern and dependable type of pavement for present-day traffic.

Answer 23

A Full-Depth Asphalt Pavements

Question 24

Asphalt Pavement Construction
Preparation of Asphalt Concrete:

Answer 24

Plant Mix
Mixed-In-Place (Road Mix)
Recycled Asphalt Concrete
Slurry Seal

Question 25

Asphalt paving mixtures prepared in a central mixing plant. Mostly done for high strength design requirement.

Answer 25

Plant Mix

Question 26

Mixture is done on site by rotary mixer or traveling mixing plant under moderate to warm weather temperatures. Emulsified asphalt and cutback asphalts are used in this method of preparation.

Answer 26

Mixed-In-Place (Road Mix)

Question 27

Combined reclaimed pavement materials and new materials to produce asphalt mixture that meet normal specification. requirements. Old pavements are crush into desired sizes and added as part of the concrete mix.

Answer 27

Recycled Asphalt Concrete

Question 28

Thin asphalt overlay applied by a continuous process machine. to worn pavements to seal them and provide a new wearing surface using emulsified asphalt. Uniformly graded aggregate from a particle size about the thickness of the finished overlay down to No. 200.

Answer 28

Slurry Seal

Question 29

Asphalt Spray Applications

Answer 29

Surface Treatments and Seal Coats Tack Coats and Prime Coats Penetration Macadam The Roller Operation

Question 30

A sprayed-on application of asphalt to a surface, with or without a thin layer of covering aggregates, is called an **asphalt ____**. Sometimes these sprayed-on applications are included in the original construction. The addition of covering aggregates over the spraved-on asphalt restores and improves the skid resistance of the wearing surface. Surface treatments have waterproofing or texture improvement, or both, as their main purpose are called as ____

Answer 30

Surface Treatments, Seal Coats

Question 31

____ is a sprayed thin coating of asphalt to bind the existing and the new pavement. While ____ is sprayed on granular base so that it will seep into or penetrate the base and serves as a binder for the pavement to be constructed.

Answer 31

Tack Coats, Prime Coats

Question 32

Asphalt ____ pavement consists of one or more layers of large-sized broken stone and rock chips interlocked by rolling. Fluid asphalt is sprayed onto each layer, and it seeps into or penetrates the layer to bind the stones together.

Answer 32

Penetration Macadam

Question 33

Rolling should start as soon as possible after the material has been spread. Rolling consists of three consecutive phases:

Answer 33

The Roller Operation 1. Breakdown/Initial Rolling – compacts the material beyond that imparted by the paver to obtain all of the density it needs. 2. Intermediate Rolling – densifies and seals the surface. 3. Finish Rolling – removes roller marks and other blemishes left from previous rolling.

Question 34

Deficiencies on Asphalt Mix

Answer 34

1. Too hot 2. Too cold 3. Too much asphalt 4. Too little asphalt 5. Non-uniform mix 6. Excess coarse aggregate 7. Excess fine aggregate 8. Excess moisture 9. Miscellaneous