1 Flashcards by Kalvin Alejandrino

Name the five/six essential nutrients:

carbs, fats, proteins,

vitamins, minerals, water

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The major source of energy for the body

Carbs

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Carbs provide 4 kcalories per 1 gram

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Sucrose is a sugar found in

Veggies and fruits

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What is glycogen?:

it is a stored formed of glucose/energy

manufactured by the liver

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Is glycogen eaten in foods?

no! It is a stored form of glucose

manufactured by the liver.

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When the body does not receive enough carbs

it burns protein and fat.

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The most concentrated source of energy for the body is

Fats

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Fats carry vitamins:

A , D , E, K

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Vitamins and minerals provide energy for the body. True or false?

(t/f): false- they are necessary for a body’s chemical reactions.

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What solution and material are used to cleanse the eyes of an infant?:

Plain water, cotton balls, washcloths

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Can you use cotton swabs to clean the eyes, nares or ears of an infant?:

No, this is dangerous

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Can you use the same cotton ball/washcloth edge for both

eyes?:

No, it would cross contaminate

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Should you cover an unhealed umbilical site with the diaper?:

No, fold the diaper down.

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What temperature is appropriate for the water used to bathe an infant?:

100 to 105

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What is the #1 purpose of a tepid sponge bath?

Lower body temperature during fever.

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How should the temperature of the water be tested if no thermometer is available?

Dropping water on inside surface of your forearm

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With which body part do you begin when bathing an infant?

Eyes always

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When cleansing an infant’s eye, cleanse from outer to inner canthus?

No, inner to outer

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Should you retract the foreskin of a 5 week old male,

uncircumcised infant to cleanse the area?

No, not until
foreskin retracts naturally and without resistance- then it
should be retracted, cleansed and replaced.

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When sponge-bathing with tepid water the correct temp is

98.6

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How long does it take for the umbilical stump to fall off?

7 to 14 days

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The primary reason why an infant is draped during the bath is to provide privacy. True or False?

(T/F): False, the primary purpose of

draping is to prevent chilling.

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You may use friction to remove vernix caseosa from an infant’s skin.

(T/F): False, it causes damage/bruising

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What solution is commonly used for care of umbilical cord?

70% alcohol to promote drying (trend is toward soap and water

What cranial nerve is affected in Bell's Palsy?

#7, facial nerve

What is the #1 symptom of Bell's Palsy?

One sided | (unilateral) facial paralysis

Complete recovery from the paralysis of Bell's Palsy should occur in

4 to 6 months.

In addition to the facial paralysis, the sense of

taste is also affected.

Will the patient be able to close their eye on the affected side?

Give three eye interventions for the client with Bell's Palsy.

Dark glasses, artificial tears, cover eye at night

As the prostate enlarges it compresses the “Urethra” and causes:

Urinary retention

At what age does BPH occur?

men over 50 years of age.

What does BPH stand for?

Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy

In BPH the man has (increased/decreased) frequency of urination:

increased

In BPH the force of the urinary stream is | increased/decreased

Decreased

The man with BPH has hesitancy. What does this mean?

Difficulty starting to void

Will the man with BPH have enuresis, nocturia or hematuria?

Enuresis-No, Nocturia-Yes, and Hematuria- Maybe

Enuresis:

inability to control the flow of urine and | involuntary urination

What is the best way to screen men for BPH?

Digital rectal exam

Should fluids be forced or restricted in BPH?

Forced

What does TURP stand for?

Transurethral resection of the | prostate

The most radical prostate surgery

is the perineal prostatectomy.

What is the primary purpose of a 3 way continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) after TURP?:

To keep the catheter clear of clots and to drain urine

What solution is used for CBI? | Continuous bladder irrigation

Normal saline (0.9 NaCI)

What drug is use to treat bladder spasm?:

B&0 suppositories (Belladonna & Opiates)

Should you take a rectal temp after prostatectomy? Give | stool softeners?

No rectal temperatures, yes stool softeners.

You should call the MD after TURP

when you see bright thick blood, persistent clots, and persistant urine drainage on the dressing.: (don't call MD for transitory clots and urine on dressing.)

If you see an increase in blood content of urine coming out of the catheter, you would first

Pull carefully on the catheter to apply local pressure on the prostate with the Foley balloon.

If you see clots in the tubing you would first

Increase the flow-rate.

What exercises should the post proctectomy patient do upon discharge? Why?

Perineal exercises, start and stop | stream of urine, because dribbling is a common but temporary problem post op

Will the post proctectomy patient be impotent?

If TURP, no Impotence. Yes, if perineal prostatectomy

How often should the drainage bag be emptied?

Every 8 hours

What is the most common problem due to catheterization?

UTI

What is the most common organism to cause UTI with catheterization?

E. Coli

What is the most common route for organisms to enter the | bladder when a catheterization is used?

Up through the | inside of the catheter in the days following catheterization.

Name foods that make acid urine

Cranberry juice, apple | juice (avoid citrus juices- they make alkaline urine)

What is important about the level of the urinary drainage bag?

Never have the bag at a higher level than the bladder.

How is the catheter taped in a male client?

To the lateral thigh or abdomen

How is the catheter taped in a female client?

To the upper thigh.

Is it ok to routinely irrigate indwelling catheters?

What agents are best for catheter care?

Soap and water

What is the most effective way to decrease UTI with | catheters?

Keep the drainage system closed, do not disconnect junction of tubing

Give some signs of infection in a Foley catheter:

Cloudy urine, foul smelling urine, hematuria

Is urinary incontinence an indication for catheterization?

Give three appropriate indications for bladder catheterization?:

Urinary retention, to check for residual, to | monitor hourly output.

What are the top 2 diagnoses for a client with a catheter? | Which is #1?:

#1- Potential for infection; Potential impairment of urethral tissue integrity

Accurate blood pressure is obtained by using a cuff that has width of

Two-thirds of the arm

Which artery is most commonly used to measure blood pressure?

Brachial

Can the thigh EVER be used to obtain a blood pressure?

Yes, but this is rare.

When pressure is auscultated the first sound heard is the

Systolic measurement.

The change in the character of the sounds is known as the

First diastolic sound

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