1

Question 1

Prokaryotic cells are smaller and simpler, e.g. ______

Answer 1

bacteria

Question 2

____ _____________ is when you can see a cell’s organelles and the internal structure of them

Answer 2

cell ultrastructure

Question 3

Animal and plant cells are both ______.

Answer 3

eukaryotic

Question 4

_______ cells have more organelles.

Answer 4

eukaryotic

Question 5

Plant cells have ______________ for exchanging substances between adjacent cells

Answer 5

cell wall with plasmodesmata

Question 6

Plant cells have a ________ (compartment that contains cell sap)

Answer 6

vacuole

Question 7

Plant cells contain __________ (the organelles involved in photosynthesis)

Answer 7

chloroplasts

Question 8

_________ _________ is found on the surface of animal cells

Answer 8

plasma membrane

Question 9

_________ __________ is found just inside the cell wall of plant cells and prokaryotic cells

Answer 9

plasma membrane

Question 10

_________ _________ regulates the movement of substances into and out of the cell.

Answer 10

plasma membrane

Question 11

________ _________ has receptor molecules, allowing it to respond to chemicals like hormones.

Answer 11

plasma membrane

Question 12

____ ____ is a rigid structure that surrounds plant cells.

Answer 12

cell wall

Question 13

Cell wall is mainly made of the carbohydrate _________.

Answer 13

cellulose

Question 14

The ____ ____ supports plant cells.

Answer 14

cell wall

Question 15

The _______ is surrounded by a nuclear envelope.

Answer 15

nucleus

Question 16

The nucleus contains __________ made from DNA and proteins.

Answer 16

chromatins

Question 17

The nucleus controls the cell’s activities by controlling the ____________ of DNA.

Answer 17

transcription

Question 18

The nucleolus makes _________.

Answer 18

ribosomes

Question 19

A _______ is a round organelle surrounded by a membrane.

Answer 19

lysosome

Question 20

A lysosome contains ________ ________.

Answer 20

digestive enzymes

Question 21

Digestive enzymes are kept seperate from the cytoplasm by the surrounding _________.

Answer 21

membrane

Question 22

___________ can be used to digest invading cells or to break down worn out components of the cell.

Answer 22

lysosomes

Question 23

A ________ is a very small organelle that either floats free in the cytoplasm or is attached to the RER.

Answer 23

ribosome

Question 24

The ________ is made up of proteins and RNA and is not surrounded by a membrane.

Answer 24

ribosome

Question 25

The _________ is where proteins are made and is where protein synthesis takes place.

Answer 25

ribosome

Question 26

The ___ is a system of membranes enclosing a fluid-filled space.

Answer 26

RER

Question 27

The ___ is covered with ribosomes.

Answer 27

RER

Question 28

The ___ folds and processes proteins that have been at the ribosomes.

Answer 28

RER

Question 29

The ___ is similar to the RER but with no ribosomes.

Answer 29

SER

Question 30

The ___ synthesises and processes lipids.

Answer 30

SER

Question 31

A _______ is a small fluid-filled sac in the cytoplasm, surrounded by a membrane.

Answer 31

vesicle

Question 32

A ________ transports substances in and out of the cell via the plasma membrane and between organelles.

Answer 32

vesicle

Question 33

Some _______ are formed by the golgi apparatus or the ER, while others are formed at the cell surface.

Answer 33

vesicles

Question 34

The ______ _______ is a group of fluid-filled, membrane-bound, flattened sacs.

Answer 34

golgi apparatus

Question 35

The vesicles are often seen at the edges of the sacs of the _____ _______.

Answer 35

golgi apparatus

Question 36

The ________ _________ processes and packages new lipids and proteins

Answer 36

golgi apparatus

Question 37

The _______ ________ also makes lysosomes.

Answer 37

golgi apparatus

Question 38

The ___________ is oval shaped. It has a double membrane.

Answer 38

mitochondria

Question 39

The inner membrane of the __________ is folded to form structures called cristae.

Answer 39

mitochondria

Question 40

Inside the ___________ is the matrix, which contains enzymes involved in respiration..

Answer 40

mitochondria

Question 41

The ____________ is a small, flattened structure found in plant cells.

Answer 41

chloroplast

Question 42

The _________ is surrounded by a double membrane

Answer 42

chloroplast

Question 43

The __________ is surrounded by membranes, and also has membranes inside called thylakoid membranes.

Answer 43

chloroplast

Question 44

Thylakoid membranes are stacked up in some parts of the _________ to form grana.

Answer 44

chloroplast

Question 45

_____ are linked together by lamellae - thin, flat pieces of thylakoid membrane.

Answer 45

Grana

Question 46

The __________ is the site where photosynthesis takes place.

Answer 46

chloroplast

Question 47

Some parts of photosynthesis happen in the _____ and other parts happen in the stroma (a thick fluid found in chloroplasts).

Answer 47

grana

Question 48

The _________ are small, hollow cylinders made of microtubules (tiny protein cylinders).

Answer 48

centrioles

Question 49

__________ are found in all animal cells but only some plant cells.

Answer 49

centrioles

Question 50

__________ are involved with the separation of chromosomes during cell division.

Answer 50

centrioles

Question 51

_______ are small, hair-like structures found on the surface membrane of some animal cells.

Answer 51

cilia

Question 52

_______, in cross-section, they have an outer membrane and a ring of nine pairs of protein microtubules in the middle.

Answer 52

cilia

Question 53

Microtubules allow the ______ to move. This movement is used by the cell to move substances along the cell surface.

Answer 53

cilia

Question 54

__________ on eukaryotic cells are like cilia but longer.

Answer 54

flagellum

Question 55

_______ stick out from the cell surface and are surrounded by the plasma membrane. Inside they're like cilia too - two microtubules in the centre and nine pairs around the edge.

Answer 55

Flagellum

Question 56

__________ contract to make the flagellum move.

Answer 56

microtubules

Question 57

__________ are used like outboard motors to propel cells forward (e.g. when a sperm cell swims).

Answer 57

flagellum

Question 58

Three organelles that can be found in any plant cell, but not animal.

Answer 58

cell wall vacuole chloroplast

Question 59

Describe the function of a nucleus

Answer 59

control cell's activites

Question 60

Give one function of a lysosome

Answer 60

digest invading cells

Question 61

Give one function of a lysosome

Answer 61

digest invading cells

Question 62

How does the RER differ from the SER?

Answer 62

SER has no ribosomes

Question 63

What's the function of the SER

Answer 63

synthesise and process lipids

Question 64

What organelle is responsible for making lysosomes

Answer 64

golgi

Question 65

Name the organelle responsible for the separation of chromosomes during cell division.

Answer 65

centriole

Question 66

The ________ enter more vesicles to be transported around the cell.

Answer 66

proteins

Question 67

____________ move to the cell surface and are secreted.

Answer 67

glycoproteins

Question 68

Proteins may be stored at the ___ until they are needed by the golgi.

Answer 68

RER

Question 69

The organelles in cells are surrounded by the _________.

Answer 69

cytoplasm

Question 70

The cytoplasm is more than just a solution of chemicals, there's a network of threads running through it. These protein threads are called the ____________.

Answer 70

cytoskeleton

Question 71

In eukaryotic cells the protein threads are arranged as _____________ and _____________.

Answer 71

microfilaments and microtubules

Question 72

The microtubules and microfilaments support the cell's ___________, keeping them in position.

Answer 72

organelles

Question 73

The ____________ helps to strengthen the cell and maintain its shape.

Answer 73

cytoskeleton

Question 74

The cytoskeleton is responsible for the transport of __________ and materials within the cell.

Answer 74

organelles

Question 75

The ________ of the cytoskeleton can also cause the cell to move.

Answer 75

proteins

Question 76

How would the appearance of normal golgi apparatus differ to the abnormal ones?

Answer 76

smaller and rounder