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Question 1

Infection

Answer 1

A condition that results when a microbe invades the body, multiplies, and causes injury or disease

Question 2

Microbe

Answer 2

Bacteria, fungi, protozoa, viruses

Question 3

Non-pathogenic Microbes

Answer 3

Normal flora
Does not cause disease under normal conditions

Question 4

Pathogenic Microbes

Answer 4

Pathogens
Capable of causing disease

Question 5

Communicable Infections

Answer 5

Pathogenic microbes that cause infection which are able to spread from person to person

Question 6

CDC

Answer 6

Centers for disease control and prevention
Develops guidelines for safety precautions of healthcare workers

Question 7

Nosocomial Infection

Answer 7

Traditional term applied to patient infections acquired in hospitals

Question 8

Healthcare-Associated Infections

Answer 8

Newer term applied to patient infections acquired during healthcare delivery in all healthcare settings

Question 9

Standard Infection ratio

Answer 9

Used to track communicable diseases by the CDC

Question 10

Clostridium difficile (C-diff)

Answer 10

A type of intestinal bacteria that multiplies when patients are treated with antibiotics

Question 11

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (MRSA)

Answer 11

Responsible for many different HAI’s from skin, wound, surgical site infections

Question 12

Enterococcus

Answer 12

Bacteria that normally present in the digestive tract and female genital tract
No threat to health individuals

Question 13

Multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria

Answer 13

Superbug

Question 14

Chain of infection components

Answer 14

1. Infectious agent
2. Reservoir
3. Exit pathway
4. Means of transmission
5. Entry pathway
6. Susceptible host

Question 15

Chain of infection:
- infectious agent

Answer 15

Pathogenic microbe

Question 16

Chain of infection
- reservoir

Answer 16

The source of infectious agent

Question 17

Chain of infection
- Exit pathway

Answer 17

A way that the infectious agent can leave a reservoir host

Question 18

Chain of infection
- means of transmission

Answer 18

Airborne
Contact
Droplet
Vector
Vehicle

Question 19

Chain of infection
- entry pathway

Answer 19

A way for infectious agent to enter susceptible host

Question 20

Chain of infection
- susceptible host

Answer 20

Someone with a decreased ability to resist infection

Question 21

Anatomical Immune System

Answer 21

Skin
Mucous membrane

Question 22

Internal Immune System

Answer 22

After breach in anatomical immune system
- Phagocytosis: cells that surround and engulf organism
- Antibodies

Question 23

Common immunizations

Answer 23

Diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, polio, influenza, measles, mumps, rubella, hepatitis B

Question 24

Infection Control Practices

Answer 24

Hand hygiene
PPE
Asepsis
Aseptic technique

Question 25

Sequence for Donning and Doffing

Answer 25

Donning: gown, mask, goggles, gloves Doffing: gloves, goggles, mask, gown

Question 26

Asepsis

Answer 26

A condition of being free from contamination or germs that could cause disease

Question 27

Aseptic Technique

Answer 27

A healthcare practice used to reduce the chance of microbial contamination

Question 28

Universal Precautions

Answer 28

A set of precautions for dealing with patients and test specimens based on the assumption that all patients may be positive for blood born pathogens

Question 29

Body substance isolation procedures

Answer 29

Required the same barrier precautions for all moist body substances, not just those associated with transmission of HIV and Hep

Question 30

Routine Practices

Answer 30

Based on the premise that all laboratory samples are potentially infectious even when they come from asymptomatic patients

Question 31

Isolation Procedures

Answer 31

Minimize the spread of infection

Question 32

Types of precautions

Answer 32

Protective/reverse isolation Universal precautions Standard precautions Transmission based precautions

Question 33

2 types of Airborne infections

Answer 33

Rubeola TB

Question 34

2 types of droplet infection

Answer 34

Meningitis Pneumonia

Question 35

2 types of contact infections

Answer 35

MRSA C-diff