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Question 1

Jaký je společný cíl výchovy a vzdělávání?

Answer 1

Společným cílem výchovy a vzdělávání je rozvoj osobnosti dítěte a jeho příprava na život ve společnosti.

Question 2

Jak se propojuje výchova a vzdělávání?

Answer 2

Výchova formuje hodnoty, postoje a sociální chování dítěte, zatímco vzdělávání poskytuje znalosti, dovednosti a kompetence potřebné pro život.

Question 3

Kdo jsou hlavní aktéři výchovy a vzdělávání?

Answer 3

Hlavními aktéry jsou rodina, škola a učitelé, a společnost a média.

Question 4

Jakou roli hraje rodina ve výchově?

Answer 4

Rodina je základní sociální prostředí, které formuje první hodnoty a postoje dítěte.

Question 5

Jakou roli hrají školy a učitelé ve výchově?

Answer 5

Školy a učitelé poskytují systematickou výchovu a vzdělávání a odborné vedení dítěte.

Question 6

Jaký vliv má společnost a média na výchovu?

Answer 6

Společnost a média ovlivňují dítě prostřednictvím vrstevníků, kulturních vzorů a moderních technologií.

Question 7

Jaké jsou hlavní styly výchovy?

Answer 7

Hlavní styly výchovy zahrnují demokratickou, autoritářskou a liberální výchovu.

Question 8

Co charakterizuje demokratickou výchovu?

Answer 8

Demokratická výchova zahrnuje prvky demokracie a pochopení, s jasně danými pravidly a očekávanou diskuzí mezi vychovatelem a dítětem.

Question 9

Jaký je přístup autoritářské výchovy?

Answer 9

Autoritářská výchova se vyznačuje přísným dodržováním příkazů vychovatelů, kteří kontrolují a prosazují svou moc bez ohledu na názor dítěte.

Question 10

Jaká je charakteristika liberální výchovy?

Answer 10

Liberální výchova klade velké požadavky na dítě, ale zaměřuje se na výchovu svobodného jedince, s benevolentním přístupem vychovatelů.

Question 11

What is negligent upbringing?

Answer 11

Negligent upbringing refers to the parents’ neglect of their children, focusing on their own activities rather than the child’s learning, social interactions, and free time.

Question 12

What is excessive protective upbringing?

Answer 12

Excessive protective upbringing, also known as ‘overprotective love’, represents an excessive concern from parents for their child, often treating the child’s wishes as commands.

Question 13

What is disharmonious upbringing?

Answer 13

Disharmonious upbringing, referred to as ‘dispersed upbringing’, occurs when parental reactions are influenced by momentary impulses and moods, lacking consistent educational rules.

Question 14

What is the ideal style of upbringing in preschool education?

Answer 14

The ideal style of upbringing in preschool education is democratic upbringing, which supports independence, cooperation, and active learning.

Question 15

What are the main activities of a pedagogue in preschool education?

Answer 15

The main activities include working with curriculum documents, conducting pedagogical diagnostics, and assessing school readiness.

Question 16

What is the Framework Educational Program (RVP)?

Answer 16

The RVP is a nationwide document that defines the goals of preschool education.

Question 17

What is the School Educational Program (SVP)?

Answer 17

The SVP is a specific plan for a particular preschool, based on the RVP.

Question 18

What is the Class Educational Program (TVP)?

Answer 18

The TVP is a detailed plan for a specific class within a preschool.

Question 19

What types of kindergartens exist in the Czech Republic?

Answer 19

There are state kindergartens, funded by public budgets and accessible to most children, and private kindergartens, funded by parental fees and often using alternative teaching methods.

Question 20

What is a Firemní MS?

Answer 20

Firemní MS are established by employers for the children of their employees.

Question 21

What is a Lesní MS?

Answer 21

Lesní MS focuses on education in nature, emphasizing ecology and children’s independence.

Question 22

What is Individualní vzdělávání?

Answer 22

Individualní vzdělávání allows for a child’s education in a home environment, provided parents ensure educational goals are met.

The child must attend regular assessments at the primary MS.

Question 23

What is the mandatory last year of preschool education?

Answer 23

Since 2017, it applies to children from the age of 5.

The goal is to ensure an equal start for all children before entering primary school.

Question 24

What must a teacher in MS do regarding educational processes?

Answer 24

A teacher must adapt education to the individual needs of children while planning the program for the entire class.

Question 25

What is the perspective of a teacher regarding children's individuality?

Answer 25

Each child has a different pace, interests, and needs.

Question 26

What does differentiation in education involve?

Answer 26

It is necessary to adapt teaching methods to different groups of children.

Question 27

What is involved in program planning for a teacher?

Answer 27

It includes organizing activities, selecting appropriate educational methods, and environments.

Question 28

What is the child's perspective on independence?

Answer 28

The child acquires new skills and solves situations independently.

Question 29

What does active participation mean for a child?

Answer 29

The child participates in the creation of educational activities.

Question 30

What is part of the educational offer from the teacher's perspective?

Answer 30

The teacher creates an environment where the child learns naturally.

Question 31

What does choice of activity centers mean for a child?

Answer 31

The child chooses what activity to engage in (e.g., art corner, building blocks, books).

Question 32

What is the parent's perspective on cooperation with MS?

Answer 32

Cooperation with MS is important for the successful development of the child (consultations, joint events).