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Question 1

what bonds link AA in proteins

Answer 1

peptide/amide. they are covalent

Question 2

what bonds link monosaccharides

Answer 2

glycosidic

Question 3

what bonds link nucleotides

Answer 3

phosphodiester

Question 4

can a protein be in multiple categories (enzyme/transporter/lipoprotein)

Answer 4

yes

Question 5

biochemistry is study of

Answer 5

chemical processes within living organisms

Question 6

what causes sickle cell

Answer 6

single amino acid change in hemoglobin

Question 7

what is a h bond donor

Answer 7

hydrogen on electronegative atom

Question 8

h bond acceptor

Answer 8

lone pairs on electroneg atom

Question 9

how does psilocin work

Answer 9

it binds to serotonin receptors. psilocybin also does, just less

Question 10

how are cofactors bound

Answer 10

covalently or noncovalently

Question 11

transporters bind molecules they transport using what type of bond

Answer 11

noncovalently

Question 12

protein cofactor

Answer 12

non protein molecule (no AA) and metal ions that assist with structure and/or function

Question 13

proethetic group

Answer 13

subset of cofactor. group of larger chemicals bound covalently.

Question 14

coenzyme

Answer 14

type of cofactor that shuttles commonly used functional groups in chemical reactions. like a phosphate donor to another enzyme

Question 15

metal ion cofactors do what

Answer 15

bind to functional groups of opposite charge to help with structure or enzyme catalysis. for example it can change protein structure to create cavities so the protein can bind to other things

Question 16

backbone cartoon or ribbon diagram contains

Answer 16

just peptide bonds

Question 17

surface filling model contains what

Answer 17

all atoms, with amino acid side chains

Question 18

red is for what atom in 3d structures

Answer 18

oxygen

Question 19

blue is for what atom in 3d structures

Answer 19

nitrogen

Question 20

how many transient h bonds can water form

Answer 20

4, due to unequal sharing of electrons (two electron pairs and 2 hydrogens)

Question 21

main driving force for macromolecular structure

Answer 21

hydrophobic effect (nonpolar molecules aggregate, excluding water molecules) and hydrogen bonds

Question 22

what does aggregation of nonpolar molecules in water do to entropy

Answer 22

increase in total entropy, because water entropy increased a crap ton, and nonpolar molecule entropy decreased a little

Question 23

water can participate in what because it is a great nucleophile

Answer 23

hydrolysis and condensation (releasing water)

Question 24

why do you need to consider binding interactions and intermolecular forces for drug design

Answer 24

presence or absense of functional groups can assist with solubility and binding

Question 25

why is isoproterenol stronger than epinephrine

Answer 25

because van der waal's in the place where it binds to the protein is stronger